0:00 All right, everybody. Welcome back to
0:01 the number one podcast in the world.
0:04 Actually, you manifested. We actually
0:06 were number one. How good is that?
0:07 >> We were literally number one last week.
0:09 Only took uh
0:11 >> only took a little bit of time to get
0:12 there.
0:12 >> Only took five years.
0:14 >> Only took five. Yeah. Five years went by
0:17 so quickly. Uh with us today,
0:20 David Saxs is back. How are you doing,
0:22 brother?
0:23 >> Good.
0:23 >> You good?
0:24 >> Yeah.
0:24 >> It's good being number one.
0:26 >> Yeah, it's [laughter] good to be number
0:28 one. I agree. Yeah,
0:29 >> I agree.
0:30 >> I've done an excellent job.
0:31 >> You've done a [laughter]
0:33 very good job. And now
0:35 >> beautiful.
0:36 >> Now we'll see who takes the most credit
0:38 for the ascension of the All-In podcast.
0:41 Uh over to you, Shamath Poly Hapatia.
0:43 How's your week been?
0:44 >> It's great being the number one
0:46 position. Yeah,
0:47 >> it's great being the best. I mean, we
0:49 would have
0:49 >> I feel like Sax and I would have gotten
0:51 here at least 18 months sooner had we
0:52 not had to drag you on our back.
0:54 >> Oh, okay. the point guard who actually
0:56 [laughter] put all those dimes and
0:58 positioned the ball everywhere you guys
1:01 wanted it. Yes, you would have you
1:02 certainly would have gotten there uh
1:04 eventually if you guys actually knew how
1:06 to start.
1:06 >> Where would we be without your constant
1:08 interruptions?
1:09 >> Sooner. We would have been number one
1:10 sooner. [laughter]
1:11 >> You would you would be where every other
1:13 tech podcast is in the 400s. And joining
1:17 us this week
1:19 in replacement of venture
1:20 >> also number one also number one
1:22 >> number one venture capital firm in
1:24 assets under management I believe
1:26 certainly
1:28 >> none other sir
1:29 >> then Ben Harowitz is here. Hey Ben how
1:31 are you?
1:31 >> I am doing well. Thank you for having me
1:33 on the show. Uh it's great to be with
1:35 the number one team.
1:37 >> Yes the number one podcast [laughter] in
1:38 the world. How does it feel to be on the
1:40 number one podcast in the world? Have
1:42 you has it, you know, like have you
1:45 soaked it in yet, Ben? Is it just
1:47 >> It feels great.
1:48 >> Yes. Yeah,
1:49 >> it is awesome. I feel bigger already.
1:52 >> It is kind of amazing that a tech
1:54 podcast could be the number one podcast
1:57 on
1:57 >> That is bizarre.
1:58 >> Apple podcast last weekend.
2:00 >> Big docket this week. Uh good to have
2:01 you here, Ben. And uh Freeberg is busy
2:04 saving the world from famines and he'll
2:07 be back next week for all of you.
2:09 >> He retired. He retired at number one.
2:12 Yeah, he just he he walked off the
2:14 court.
2:15 >> Oh, that's hilarious. Well, um
2:18 >> we've had an eventful week. We uh may
2:21 have actually had the AI bubble, if
2:26 there is one, pop or deflate a little
2:28 bit. The Neoclouds got crushed this week
2:31 after uh Coree's bonds started to sell
2:34 off. Could be the canary in the coal
2:37 mine. We'll find out. uh Cororeweave,
2:39 Iron, Nebus, these are all the biggest
2:41 Neoclouds. They're all down about 20% as
2:44 publicly traded companies. Here's your
2:46 chart. Here's what happened. Just a
2:48 little bit of background. On Tuesday, a
2:50 bunch of people on X, including at
2:52 Chimath pointed out that the yield on
2:55 some of Coral [laughter] Weave's debt
2:57 had hit 15%. The yields uh are obviously
3:02 rising because bond traders are worried
3:04 about Cororeweave's ability to generate
3:06 enough cash to support its debt. So they
3:09 want a a higher rate of return.
3:10 Obviously
3:12 adding to Chimat's little tweet was a
3:15 friend of the pod Elon Musk who decided
3:18 to contribute
3:21 five letters, one word that [laughter]
3:24 has since been heard around the world
3:26 and is at the start of every story. He
3:29 said, "Yikes, y I ke." And that
3:32 generated a bunch of headlines. Then
3:36 everything tanked yesterday, Wednesday,
3:39 we tape on Thursdays, as many of you
3:41 know. Coreweave, Iron, Navius down
3:44 between 10 and 15%. Even Oracle uh and
3:46 Dell took some strays. Nvidia uh took
3:49 stray as well. They were down three%.
3:52 Coreweave is the tip of the spear.
3:54 They've raised over $35 billion. We had
3:58 uh the founder, we had the founder
4:01 Michael in Trader on the All-In podcast
4:04 back in March in which he explained to
4:07 me on the All-In interview show what he
4:09 called the box. Let's roll that tape and
4:12 get Shamant's thoughts.
4:13 >> How does all that debt work? That is
4:15 something that you guys specialize in.
4:17 >> I'm going to try to explain this in a
4:18 way people can understand. So, we go out
4:20 and we find a client. Let's use
4:22 Microsoft. You brought them up before,
4:23 right? And Microsoft comes to us and
4:25 says, "We'd like to buy some config for
4:27 you." and we say, "Okay, great. We're
4:28 going to sign a contract." Once I have a
4:30 contract in hand, then what I do is I
4:32 create something. It's not a
4:34 particularly creative name. It's called
4:35 the box. Yeah.
4:36 >> Right. And what I do with the box is I
4:38 take my contract with Microsoft and I
4:40 put it in the box. I go to Jensen and I
4:42 buy the GPUs. I put it in the box. I
4:45 take my data center contract, I put it
4:47 in the box. And now the box governs cash
4:50 flow and it has a waterfall of cash flow
4:52 that comes into it and goes out of it.
4:54 And so the way it works is then I build
4:56 the compute and then I deliver the
4:59 compute to Microsoft and they pay the
5:00 box. They don't pay me. It goes into the
5:02 box and the first thing it does is it
5:05 pays the data center. It pays the power
5:07 bill. It pays the interest and the
5:09 principle and then whatever's left flows
5:12 back to us. What's important to
5:14 understand is the economics in this box
5:16 are such that within two and a half
5:19 years of a five-year deal, we have paid
5:23 for everything. They don't
5:24 cross-pollinate. They don't cause
5:26 contagion across the boxes. They're all
5:28 independent and discreet. As you do this
5:31 and as you show the lenders how this
5:35 financing tool and how this financing
5:37 mechanism works, what they do is they
5:40 continue to lend you money at
5:42 progressively lower rates. Okay,
5:44 Chimoth, that seemed like a completely
5:47 reasonable explanation of how they were
5:50 running the business and that each of
5:51 the boxes were isolated, but something
5:54 has changed in the last 6 months. what
5:56 is that and uh what's changed here and
6:00 and your insights into his financial
6:04 innovations I would say uh with corewave
6:07 the most important thing that you should
6:09 always look at is how the sharps the
6:12 super smart money prices risk and when
6:16 you're dealing with companies like
6:18 Cororeweave or Nebus or Iran etc that
6:21 have to borrow a lot to fund these boxes
6:24 the smart money is trading what's called
6:27 a credit derivative swap. Okay, this is
6:29 default insurance
6:32 and these default swaps are meant to
6:35 ensure the bond holders against a
6:38 potential default.
6:40 That risk spiked this week to about 953
6:45 basis points, which it doesn't matter
6:46 what that number is, but as an imputed
6:49 risk, it's about a 16% chance of a
6:53 default in any given year.
6:55 And over a 5-year duration,
6:58 what that math implies is about a 55%
7:02 chance of a default. So, it's a coin
7:03 flip whether they default or not. That's
7:05 not what I'm saying. That's what the
7:08 insurance market was saying about their
7:10 debt. And I think that's something to
7:13 look into because those guys I think are
7:15 the smartest money in in all of this.
7:18 So, why did they do this? I started to
7:20 dig into it and here's a couple of
7:22 charts that explains a little bit of
7:24 what I learned. Okay, so the first thing
7:28 is just a market check. You know, we've
7:30 talked about this, but we have a problem
7:32 in the United States, which is that the
7:35 US is moving the risk-free rate higher
7:38 and higher. Who is doing that? These are
7:41 the central bankers. These are the bond
7:43 vigilantes. These are the people that
7:45 say because of inflation or other
7:47 long-term risks that are not getting put
7:49 out of the system, we need to get paid a
7:52 lot more money to own the safest
7:54 riskless asset. As that goes up, basic
7:57 way to think about that is as the
7:59 10-year bond goes up, everything else
8:01 goes up. And so this black line
8:04 represents the average price that you
8:06 have to pay for junk debt.
8:10 And what you see is that as the 10-year
8:12 went up and people are like, man, the
8:13 risk-free rates going up, the junkiest
8:15 junk bonds need to pay more and more and
8:17 more.
8:19 And then the purple line here is what
8:21 coreweave has to pay. And what you see
8:23 is that it also has started to tick up
8:25 and has moved up relatively violently.
8:28 And so the question is why has it done
8:30 that? Okay, so let's go to the next
8:31 chart. Michael is right that he is in
8:34 the business of creating these boxes
8:37 and then putting in contracts and GPUs,
8:41 but he also needs to put money in those
8:43 boxes. And the way that he puts the
8:46 money in the box is he has to go out and
8:48 borrow that money. So he goes to a
8:50 lender and says, "Give me the money and
8:52 I will pay you that back plus some
8:53 interest." What you see here is what is
8:58 inside of the box effectively. So the
9:00 gray bar is how much money he's
9:02 guaranteed to get into the box. These
9:05 are all the deals he sold to all of his
9:08 customers.
9:09 >> These are contracts. Yeah,
9:11 >> these are contracts. Now, and it's
9:12 important to note because I'll get to
9:13 this in a second. It turns out that
9:15 these contracts are fixed price. So
9:17 meaning if what you could sell in the
9:19 spot market goes up, you don't really
9:22 generate that revenue because you've
9:24 already pre-sold it at a fixed number.
9:26 So, Michael creates the box. He gets a
9:28 long-term contract, which is great
9:30 because you have shity around the
9:33 revenues you're getting, but he sells
9:34 that. Then he goes and has to finance
9:36 it. And then some of that financing
9:39 comes due. He's got some bonds that are
9:40 due and some loans that are due. What
9:42 this basically says is at the midpoint,
9:46 he has to raise another $35 billion of
9:48 debt to get all of the contracts that he
9:51 signed financed, right? All the boxes
9:55 financed. and up and running. So he has
9:56 about 35 billion of debt. He needs to
9:59 raise another 35 billion of debt. But as
10:01 you saw in the chart before
10:04 that's ticking up not and it has nothing
10:05 to do with him. It is because the
10:07 broader market is essentially saying the
10:09 risk-free rate goes up everybody has to
10:11 pay more because your spread above the
10:13 risk-free rate has to track with it.
10:15 Okay. So today
10:17 across all the different pockets of
10:19 money in which that they have used to
10:21 fund those boxes
10:24 their average
10:26 interest rate that they pay is about
10:27 8.5%.
10:29 The problem is that in this last little
10:32 while the sharps
10:36 basically said hold on this is getting
10:38 too close to the knife's edge. You're
10:40 going to have to pay more interest.
10:42 That's what I tweeted, which was just,
10:43 you know, one of the sleeves of
10:45 interest. This is the GPU loan DDTL 1.0
10:49 spiked to 15%. The problem is that could
10:52 theoretically now be the rate that they
10:54 have to pay for all of the future. And
10:56 remember,
10:58 half of it's financed, half of it is
10:59 still unfinanced. Right now, these guys
11:01 are in a pretty good place because they
11:03 have about 780 billion of assets and
11:05 only 35 of debt. So, they're well
11:07 covered. So I think that you know this
11:09 idea that they're at risk is not on the
11:11 surface true but the reality is that
11:14 they have this problem which is they
11:16 have extreme customer concentration.
11:19 75% of the revenue comes from three
11:21 companies.
11:23 Some of those companies are walking down
11:26 what their revenue expectations are into
11:28 the future.
11:30 So you have this situation now where you
11:32 have to go out and borrow at a much
11:34 higher rate. You have a bunch of debt
11:36 you need to go to fund the boxes and you
11:38 have a fixed amount of revenue going
11:40 into the boxes. So what is the trade or
11:42 what is the setup? It's basically a coin
11:43 flip now on the following idea. I think
11:46 the market is saying that if
11:50 they are able to finance this stuff at a
11:52 reasonable rate and the life of the GPUs
11:55 that they buy from Jensen are longer
11:57 than what they think, they're going to
11:59 be okay.
12:01 But if the financing goes up and into
12:05 that, you know, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15%
12:08 range, these guys are getting very,
12:11 very, very close to not necessarily
12:14 being able to cover all the obligations
12:15 that they have. My team's estimates is
12:17 that they're plus or minus about 5
12:19 billion away from that break even point.
12:22 So, I think that's why the CDS spiked,
12:25 which then caused the bond yields to
12:27 spike and caused the bonds themselves to
12:28 lay off. So in order of operations,
12:30 number one, I think they've created this
12:33 very novel structure that everybody else
12:35 has copied with the boxes. Number two,
12:37 they've sold these fixed contracts.
12:39 That's super smart, guaranteed a bunch
12:41 of revenue into the future. But we have
12:43 this situation where as the risk-free
12:45 rate goes up, their cost of borrowing
12:47 goes up. That erodess the margin that
12:49 they have that then brings them close to
12:51 this break even point. That causes the
12:53 CDS to react, which then causes the bond
12:55 yields to react. That's the negative
12:57 reflexive loop that they're in. So, they
12:59 just have to find a way to break out of
13:00 that. I don't think that they're in real
13:02 risk. But, as we all know, this is sort
13:05 of a confidence game and you need to
13:07 have confidence that the broader market
13:09 can support another 35 billion just from
13:11 these guys. And I think that's what's
13:12 going to get figured out over the next
13:14 month. All right, Ben. So, you look at
13:16 this situation, you've been through a
13:17 couple of bubbles before, maybe have a
13:20 little PTSD or scar tissue, in fact. Um,
13:23 and we saw carweave bounce today, kind
13:26 of hit a bottom, stocks up 1 or 2% right
13:28 now after going down 10%.
13:31 >> Is this acute? And then what does it
13:32 mean for the broader AI trade, the AI
13:36 bubble? Is there a bubble? And and we'll
13:39 get into anthropic in a minute. Saxs.
13:43 >> Yeah. So, so I think that um the the
13:46 first thing to understand is these these
13:48 businesses like Cororeweave as uh you
13:50 know Chimath kind of went through some
13:52 of it but they're rub Goldberg financial
13:55 machines. They're exceptionally complex.
13:58 Um so you know we talked about okay GPU
14:01 contracts and this but he's got data
14:03 center contracts how long are those and
14:05 and then there's he's got to buy memory
14:07 like and there's memory shortage and
14:09 this and and that so so it is really
14:12 complex. The other thing um or the other
14:15 interesting thing is yes GPUs
14:18 not only have they they've been going up
14:20 in duration and in price. So that's been
14:23 like a big tailwind for him uh as the
14:26 owner of such things.
14:27 >> When you say duration, you mean the
14:28 lifespan, the number of years you get
14:31 value from that. It was three, four,
14:33 five, now it's six, seven, eight. And
14:36 there's a shortage um like a real
14:39 shortage of GPUs with power and cooling
14:42 and and I kind of caveat that right like
14:44 which is what he has.
14:46 >> Uh and and this this this shortage is so
14:49 bad you know I was speaking with Andy
14:51 Jasse who runs Amazon yesterday and I
14:54 said yeah like we're out of everything
14:56 you know till 2028. He's like, "Oh, it's
14:59 beyond 2028 bit. Like, I don't think we
15:02 get stuff back." Like, end of 2028,
15:04 maybe. Uh, so everything else is sold
15:07 out. So, he he has the advantage of that
15:10 he's got supply in a great shortage,
15:13 which is extremely different than the
15:15 internet bubble. The internet bubble, we
15:18 didn't have enough demand because we had
15:20 to build the internet. People had to get
15:22 broadband. You know, you needed uh all
15:25 this stuff. people had to buy, you know,
15:27 originally they had to get their browser
15:28 app fries, all this kind of thing. There
15:30 weren't enough consumers on the internet
15:32 to absorb all the bandwidth that had
15:34 gotten built out and they had a massive
15:37 amount of debt, not unlike uh we're
15:40 building today, although not as big. Um
15:43 but but the lack of demand killed it. We
15:46 don't really have a lack of demand in
15:48 AI. So I think the dynamics will be
15:51 different. Uh I do think like the for
15:54 sure if you get into a pathological debt
15:56 situation
15:57 that can wreck anybody. Uh it's why um
16:01 by the way we're not invested in any of
16:03 these uh neo clouds either for that
16:05 reason because that whole thing scares
16:08 me having been through it. But but I
16:11 would just say it's pretty complicated
16:13 uh and it really depends on a huge
16:16 number of assumptions in this very
16:19 elaborate model that they have. Ben, but
16:21 let's just look. You were you and Mark
16:24 were one of the pioneers, maybe the
16:26 pioneer of the Neocloud business. I
16:29 mean, you you may just tell this quick
16:32 story because I want to ask the
16:33 question.
16:34 >> Loud Cloud kind of popularized this idea
16:38 that that you could build these clouds
16:40 and service customers this way.
16:42 >> Yeah. But it's very interesting to me
16:44 that you and Mark as the
16:47 kind of primogenitor
16:48 uh have passed on the whole space. So I
16:51 I I want to know why.
16:53 >> Well, it's because of this. I mean, so
16:56 so so it can it can end up being um like
17:00 a very dangerous arbitrage business
17:03 where you know you can get upside down
17:05 easily. And so if you look at loudcloud
17:08 just as an example just here here's a
17:11 simple thing that happened to us in 1999
17:14 bandwidth bandwidth was $1,500 a megabit
17:18 and you couldn't get it was very hard to
17:20 get it and so you had to get a long-term
17:22 contract three years by 2001 it was $50
17:26 a megabit so if you were holding
17:28 bandwidth you you were you just you know
17:31 and you borrowed money to get it you're
17:32 dead. So that
17:35 you know that kind of thing is so out of
17:37 the control of the entrepreneur and and
17:39 so different than what we like to fund
17:42 um that you know it just it scared it
17:45 scared me to death. Now look, I I I
17:48 think the core dynamic of AI has been
17:50 working for Coreweave though in terms of
17:53 that in that
17:55 there's a massive shortage, not an
17:57 overage of supply. Um so those prices
18:00 don't seem to, you know, token prices
18:02 have gone down, but GPU prices have not.
18:04 >> Uh and so things are going up, you know,
18:06 and and by the way, data center space is
18:09 going up in price because even labor to
18:11 build data centers is hard. The politics
18:14 are making it hard to build data
18:15 centers. So the whole supply chain price
18:17 is going up and demand is not subsiding
18:19 and and so those those are very big
18:22 tailwinds uh for coreweave despite the
18:25 fact that the debt markets kind of
18:28 independent of them are tough.
18:30 >> All right Sachs uh here's your poly
18:32 market. Coreweave announces bankruptcy.
18:34 That's a pretty aggressive uh poly
18:36 market. 15% chance at the end of 27 next
18:40 year. 23% at the end of 2028. seems a
18:44 little far-fetched given the fact that
18:46 they have a massive demand for their
18:51 equipment as Ben pointed out.
18:52 >> Well, you can't look, this is dumb
18:54 because like I think Michael explained
18:55 it like you have this opco propco setup.
18:58 So coreweave can't go bankrupt. An asset
19:01 level vehicle for a data center or a
19:03 buildout could theoretically go upside
19:05 down, but [snorts] that'll go into
19:06 receiverhip and then just manage where
19:08 you sell down the GPUs. Yes, he he
19:10 explained in that clip he has each box
19:12 independent of the next. So, not a great
19:14 poly market, I think. Uh but well, it is
19:17 great if you bet it the other way.
19:19 >> Yeah, exactly. Maybe some free money
19:21 there to pick up. Sax, let's level up
19:23 the conversation here. Just outside of
19:25 Corewave and the Neo Clouds, massive
19:28 demand, token prices coming down, but
19:31 token consumption going way up. And I
19:33 think one of the the um silver linings
19:36 here is it was a big question of how
19:38 long these GPUs would last. Maybe they
19:40 had three, four, five year lifespan. Now
19:43 people are saying, "Hey, these things
19:44 will keep going into year 6, 7, 8 for
19:46 inference alone." So what's your thought
19:48 here on the AI trade, the bubble as it
19:52 were? Do we need to take a little bit
19:53 out? Do we need to stress test it? And
19:55 is that what's going on here? Or is this
19:59 uh making you nervous? Hey, we're in
20:02 year four or five of this bull run and
20:04 that maybe it's coming to an end and we
20:06 may hit the rword.
20:09 Yeah. Recession.
20:11 >> Here's the question, Jay. Cal, is you
20:13 got this coreweave crash. Their bonds
20:16 are being marked down to 80%, it's down
20:18 15 to 20% in the last few days in the
20:21 stock market. Is this just market
20:23 volatility or is this the beginning of
20:26 something deeper and worse? Like you
20:27 said, the popping of a bubble. Okay,
20:29 that's the fundamental question. I would
20:31 make the argument that this is just
20:33 volatility, which you're going to get a
20:35 lot of. Whenever you're underwriting to
20:38 multi-trillion dollar outcomes in the
20:40 future based on very rapid rates of
20:42 growth, exponential rates of growth, the
20:45 market's going to be super sensitive to
20:46 any data points we have in the present.
20:49 And so everything's going to be
20:50 exaggerated and that's why you get these
20:52 big swings. Now, again, that to me is
20:55 the explanation of the volatility. I
20:57 don't think that something fundamental
20:59 has changed. So let's talk about the
21:01 fundamentals. So first question there to
21:03 unpack it is has the demand changed? No,
21:06 we know that the demand for compute just
21:08 keeps growing by leaps and bounds. In
21:10 fact, everyone is saying that they are
21:13 compute constrained. I mean you got the
21:14 biggest model companies are saying
21:16 they're computed. Startups are saying
21:18 it. I mean they're asking their VCs, hey
21:20 can you help us get compute? I think
21:22 you've got some VCs even trying to buy
21:24 compute as basically a strategy for
21:26 competitive differentiation so they can
21:28 help their startup. So
21:29 >> there was literally an accelerator that
21:31 had bought excess compute and they were
21:33 using it as a way to get people to apply
21:35 for their accelerator.
21:36 >> Yeah. So we know the demand is off the
21:38 charts right now. We're seeing other
21:39 indicators. So for example, old GPUs
21:42 like even the H100s or the A100s which
21:45 are several generations old, they're
21:47 still renting at premium prices right
21:49 now. They were supposed to be fully
21:50 depreciated and they're not. There's
21:52 actually upside surprise there to the
21:54 people to the companies that are renting
21:56 those old supposedly stale GPUs. So, we
22:00 know the demand is off the charts. Okay.
22:02 So, what's the next indicator of
22:04 something deeper and problematic
22:07 happening? Well, the next question you
22:08 could ask, well, is there a glut of
22:10 supply coming onto the market? So, we
22:12 know the demand is huge, but maybe
22:15 there's too much supply being stood up.
22:17 Well, we know that's not the case
22:18 because of the sheer difficulty of
22:21 standing up this powered compute and we
22:24 know it's not being brought onto the
22:25 market too rapidly. First, you just have
22:27 all the problems with atoms building
22:28 things in the physical world. That's
22:30 hard enough. Elon basically has said,
22:32 "Look, this is a really difficult
22:33 problem. Even our rocket scientists find
22:35 it challenging to stand up gigawatts of
22:38 new powered compute." And then we have
22:39 all the regulatory headwinds, right?
22:41 Local communities are not racing to give
22:44 out new entitlements around this. So if
22:48 anything we believe that there's not a
22:51 glut it's the other way that there's
22:52 enforced scarcity. So then the question
22:55 becomes well is there some sort of
22:58 execution problem with coreweave? You
23:01 know are they too slow in standing up
23:03 their compute? Have their costs gone
23:04 through the roof? Look, there's some
23:06 indication that maybe their costs are a
23:08 little bit higher, that maybe it's a
23:09 little slower, but at least on a
23:11 reputation basis, they are believed to
23:13 be excellent at this game of standing up
23:16 new compute. So then the question was,
23:18 is there some sort of credit problem?
23:21 you know, on the credit like the founder
23:24 Michael was saying with the boxes,
23:26 you know, when you go to a lender to
23:28 basically back the buildout of, let's
23:31 say, a new data center, you're not
23:33 relying on the unsecured credit of
23:37 Coreweave to make that loan. You're
23:39 backed by the credit of the tenant who's
23:42 entered into a 5-year commitment. So, it
23:45 could be a Microsoft, whatever. So the
23:47 creditworthiness of that particular
23:49 project of that particular box is going
23:51 to depend more on the credit of the
23:54 tenant than on the credit of core. And
23:57 then behind that you've got the GPUs
23:59 themselves which you know it's basically
24:02 asset back financing. The lender is
24:04 secured by those GPUs. And we just
24:06 talked about how if anything there's
24:08 upside surprise on the depreciation
24:10 cycle of these GPUs. So my impression is
24:13 that there's not a deeper credit problem
24:15 in terms of financing these projects.
24:17 What happened though is the repricing is
24:19 of Corweave's unsecured obligations.
24:22 It's true that the market has discounted
24:25 them by 20%. They're in distress
24:27 territory. That has brought the implied
24:30 coupon of those bonds from 9.6% to
24:33 around 15%. But that does not increase
24:35 the cost that Cororee is paying. Corwe
24:37 is still paying their 9.6% coupon. It's
24:40 just that the secondary market has
24:43 repriced the value of those bonds to an
24:44 implied coupon.
24:46 >> It changes the future debt.
24:47 >> Yes, it could definitely raise the costs
24:49 of future debt, but I don't think
24:51 they're funding these new boxes with
24:54 unsecured corporate notes. I think
24:56 they're funding them with asset back
24:58 financing. And
24:59 >> yes,
25:00 >> the debt
25:00 >> there's two things that go in the box.
25:02 The contract goes in the box, the GPUs
25:04 go in the box. So, you got two things
25:05 and these are credit credit worthy
25:07 organizations who pay their bills like
25:09 Microsoft.
25:09 >> Yes. Now, if I were a lender on those
25:11 projects though, I'd be looking really
25:13 closely at the credit of who's the
25:14 customer basically for that compute.
25:16 Obviously, if it's Microsoft or Google
25:19 or a couple other companies that feel
25:20 really good,
25:21 >> right, that may a startup, I don't
25:23 necessarily.
25:24 >> They have three customers that represent
25:26 75% of their revenue.
25:27 >> Yeah. And they're all investment grade
25:29 like the big customers. So,
25:31 >> the thing I'll add to this is, you know,
25:33 you explained quite clearly, uh, Saxs,
25:36 hey, the the GPUs are worth something,
25:38 the data centers are worth something.
25:39 Ben, you pointed out the power, the HVAC
25:42 is worth something. The tokens are worth
25:45 something. And then if you look at
25:46 startups, uh, you know, which is where I
25:48 spend all my time is the early stage
25:50 startups, they're crushing it in terms
25:52 of raising capital, getting customers,
25:54 and we've never seen revenue ramps like
25:57 I'm seeing in startups today. And I
25:58 think Ben, you'll probably back that up.
26:00 the the revenue ramp of startups today
26:03 is distinctly different than the SAS,
26:06 you know, uh triple triple triple double
26:09 double double. Now we're at like, hey,
26:11 are you doubling every quarter or not?
26:14 And then if you're not doubling every
26:15 quarter, like what are you doing? Why
26:17 are you not growing faster in this age
26:19 of AI? So the startups feel particularly
26:20 strong. So maybe this is just the market
26:23 overall saying hey let's test this you
26:26 know uh and and maybe there's some
26:29 indigestion there or Ben is it that the
26:33 world is running out of money and people
26:35 have place their bets already and then
26:37 what would that say for the venture
26:40 industrial complex of which you are you
26:43 know a significant player at scale and
26:46 what would that say for the IPOs the two
26:49 biggest in the history of
26:53 uh business and and public markets,
26:55 anthropic and open AI, are we running
26:57 out of money to allocate to AI?
27:01 I don't think so. Um, you know, we've
27:04 kind of never had companies that have
27:06 grown this fast, gotten this big.
27:09 And so, we've never asked that question
27:12 before. We never said, or at least not
27:14 in my lifetime, does the world have
27:16 enough money to finance these things? uh
27:18 which is a crazy question but like
27:20 relevant but I I I don't think for sure
27:25 with respect to the anthropic and the
27:27 open AI
27:29 IPOs I think my belief is those are
27:32 going to be fine like like look the the
27:34 price
27:36 you know will it be two trillion or will
27:38 it be 1.75 trillion I don't know but I I
27:43 think
27:43 >> 50 billion or 100red billion whatever
27:45 they raise that's not a giant that's
27:47 that's big number, but it's not an
27:49 unprecedented number now because look,
27:52 >> SpaceX just did it, right?
27:53 >> Whatever you're holding in the equity
27:55 markets, whatever you're holding,
27:59 >> open AI and anthropic are threats to
28:01 that
28:02 >> almost like there's almost nothing that
28:04 you can hold in a portfolio that those
28:06 two companies don't threaten.
28:08 >> Yeah, agreed.
28:08 >> And so I'm not worried at all about the
28:11 demand for those IPOs. So you have to
28:13 own those because they threaten every
28:16 single company in the world because
28:18 they're selling intelligence broadly and
28:20 every company is based Shimoth on
28:23 intelligence.
28:24 >> Therefore, it's it's that disruptive.
28:26 Yeah, Chimath, you can underwrite it as
28:28 a defensive hedge because I think Ben's
28:30 right. It's like if you own a healthcare
28:32 company and you've thrived on the
28:35 opacity of the healthcare
28:36 infrastructure, OpenAI is a threat to
28:38 that. If you own a bunch of workflows
28:42 that have been rented to people as SAS,
28:44 theoretically open AAI and ant are a
28:47 threat to that. So at a minimum it is
28:50 sort of defensively positioning your
28:52 portfolio. So you kind of have to
28:54 because there is not much other
28:56 investable stuff in AI to be long AI
29:00 other than those two companies and so
29:01 they'll get the lion share of the of the
29:04 interest. I think the the question
29:06 generally is if the bond market walks
29:10 the tenure up to five and a half and 6%
29:13 which has nothing to do with AI. It has
29:15 everything to do with debt to GDP and a
29:17 bunch of other factors in broad-based
29:19 western economies. Any business model
29:21 that thrives on a financing spread
29:25 gets cornhold any and every all of them.
29:29 It just it will it will not matter when
29:31 the 10 years at 6%. It won't matter.
29:33 Doesn't matter what you do. it doesn't
29:34 matter what you claim to do, you're
29:35 going to get run over. You're going to
29:37 be roadkill. As long as we can keep that
29:39 from, you know, happening,
29:43 we're going to be fine. So, like, what's
29:44 the what's the most important way, I
29:46 guess, post these midterms to keep the
29:47 party going? You have to really start to
29:49 focus on deficits. And you have to find
29:53 a fair trade where the bond market backs
29:56 off.
29:58 And I think you can see it in the tape.
30:00 Meaning if if we start proposing huge
30:03 spending programs, they're going to walk
30:04 the tenure up. That then has a negative
30:07 cascade to everything. If however the
30:09 posture becomes much more about keeping
30:11 everything calm and like let's just tone
30:13 things down and let's find the waste in
30:15 the system and squeeze it all out, I
30:17 think people will respond very
30:18 favorably. So that's really where it's
30:21 going to come down. The last thing I
30:22 will say is
30:24 these are like Achilles heels. Meaning
30:26 like I think Sax made an incredibly
30:28 eloquent case. So did Ben about all of
30:31 the asset value that's getting built up.
30:34 But just like the great warriors, you
30:36 just slice the Achilles tendon and they
30:38 just crumble to the knees. I just want
30:40 to point out this is that thing.
30:44 >> There is no other thing. Meaning all
30:47 this other stuff is complete goodness.
30:49 But the fact that you need to finance
30:50 these things in a variable rate model as
30:53 a spread to the risk-free rate is the
30:55 big problem in these businesses.
30:58 And you need to essentially have
31:00 Microsoft, Google, Meta, and Nvidia
31:04 backs stop all of this in a worst case
31:06 scenario
31:08 because that's the only way you can
31:10 withstand
31:12 a one or two-year correction in this
31:14 market. I'll tell you the other big
31:15 piece here that might be a bigger
31:17 threat, Sachs, is the deflationary
31:19 nature of this AI, this super
31:22 intelligence rather movement. We talked
31:24 last week about people decompiling
31:27 Photoshop going to zero. Now this week,
31:31 Hood Warfare came out. It's basically
31:33 people are making platform level games
31:36 for five bucks. It's so deflationary.
31:40 There's an 11 Labs competitor that came
31:42 out that's incredibly cheap. and then
31:44 every single open- source model being
31:47 hosted and Elon saying, "Hey, we'll just
31:49 route you with our orchestration level
31:51 to the best model, open- source or not."
31:56 How how big of a how big of a headwind
31:59 do you think that is, Sachs, to our
32:01 industry, just the commodification and
32:04 how rapidly things are just having 90%
32:08 of the VA value removed from them? And
32:10 is that going to stop or is it going to
32:12 accelerate? It feels to me like the
32:14 deflationary nature of this software AI
32:17 super intelligence is unique and
32:19 different than anything we've ever seen.
32:21 People are just able to rip and ship
32:23 code so fast. It makes me wonder like
32:27 what is the margin of software in the
32:29 future?
32:29 >> Well, we want everyone to be able to
32:31 create software, especially bespoke
32:33 software, which is really this new
32:34 category, right? That is going to be a
32:37 huge driver of productivity throughout
32:38 the economy. I mean it's not all just
32:40 like uh zero sum games or disruption.
32:43 The value of these coding assistants is
32:46 that now you can create software for
32:49 highly bespoke use cases. Whereas
32:52 software used to be created really just
32:54 for the mass market. I mean the reason
32:55 why Photoshop's a successful product is
32:58 there's a lot of graphic designers who
32:59 need to use that product and really the
33:02 only software that could ever get
33:03 created in the past was when there was a
33:05 large potential customer base for that.
33:07 Now we're getting all these cases where
33:10 enterprises can create software just for
33:12 their particular use cases. And in fact,
33:14 in a way, that's what agents are is that
33:16 they're bespoke software programs to
33:19 solve a particular task. But if people
33:21 build those in-house sacks and they're
33:24 based on open-source, you don't need the
33:26 other piece of software that it's
33:29 replacing. So isn't that extremely
33:32 deflationary? Maybe there's some
33:34 substitution away from established
33:36 software. But I think the important
33:38 point is just there's this vast new
33:39 category of software being created. I
33:42 mean the amount of code that's being
33:44 created now is orders of magnitude
33:46 already bigger than it was before coding
33:49 assistance. So again people just tend to
33:51 think in terms of these zero someum
33:52 games and who's going to be wiped out or
33:54 eliminated. But the really important
33:55 trend here is just that there's going to
33:57 be a lot more software created in the
33:59 world for a lot more of these bespoke
34:01 use cases. Enterprises are now able to
34:04 create software for a much broader array
34:06 of purposes. There's companies that
34:08 never would have been software companies
34:09 before that are now creating their own
34:11 software and they're hiring coders
34:13 basically to manage the process. By the
34:15 way, I think this is a really important
34:16 point around remember with the whole
34:18 jobs apocalypse. The first job category
34:20 that predictors of the apocalypse were
34:23 saying would be eliminated were software
34:24 coders obviously because
34:26 >> everybody became a developer and now
34:28 everybody's shipping code. Yeah. Now
34:30 we're seeing that actually demand for
34:31 coders is increasing even though 95% of
34:34 the code's written by coding assistants
34:36 and the reason for that again is well
34:38 first of all you still have that 5% and
34:40 that 5% is of a much bigger pie and you
34:43 still need someone who can look under
34:44 the hood and manage the whole process
34:45 and they need to be somewhat technical
34:47 and maintain it. maint
34:51 I I think this whole you could say new
34:53 category of bespoke software created by
34:57 the proliferation of coding assistants
34:59 and agents and all of that is just I
35:02 think it's going to be just a huge
35:03 driver of productivity throughout the
35:05 economy and is that broadly deflationary
35:07 probably in a good way because it means
35:10 that we can do more with less and we
35:12 need to
35:12 >> be great for the country right that
35:14 everybody is going to be more productive
35:16 Ben but do you worry about our industry,
35:18 the venture industry, uh, and we have
35:22 these great hits and then the second
35:24 they become a hit, somebody can
35:26 decompile it, create a competitor and
35:29 ship it very quickly. It feels
35:31 distinctly different in this uh, you
35:35 know, um, boom to previous ones. So, do
35:40 you think this is going to be a
35:41 challenge for us to get DPI for our LPS?
35:44 Um, is this going to be a challenge for
35:46 the sustainability of great software fr
35:49 franchises?
35:54 >> Ben,
35:54 >> I I can Yeah. Look, I I don't I don't
35:57 think so. Like this this has been the
35:58 ongoing prediction starting with the SAS
36:01 apocalypse.
36:02 >> Yes.
36:02 >> Um, but I think that David David's right
36:05 is that what's happening is
36:07 >> prices software prices will definitely
36:10 go down. Um but the amount of software
36:12 is going way way up. It's the it's the
36:15 Jevans paradox of software. Sure.
36:17 >> Uh and you know these companies end up
36:21 doing other things more than just the
36:24 software. So we had this on the
36:26 internet. The internet information is
36:27 going to be free. That's it. All these
36:29 industries are dead. But they kind of
36:32 reemerged in a different way. Um and I
36:36 think that that's very likely what's
36:39 going to happen. So from a startup's
36:40 point of view, you've got to evolve. Um
36:43 and so you know 11 Labs does many many
36:48 things to make their product better over
36:50 the years since uh that's example that
36:52 you brought up and they've got like
36:53 licensing agreement like Bert Reynolds
36:55 will read you a book or this and that
36:57 and the third. Um so they're doing more
36:59 than just software um because they can
37:02 because the software is easier to write
37:04 the model they're training on very very
37:05 very nuanced cases which is why you know
37:08 movie dubbing is so amazing now where it
37:11 sounds like they're just acting in a
37:13 different language. Um so there's more
37:16 to it than just you know speech to text
37:18 or this and that. um and you know those
37:21 so I think the products are going to
37:23 have to get way better and the startup's
37:24 products will have to get way better
37:26 which is amazing for everybody
37:29 and then that's where the value will be
37:30 but yeah just like writing software is
37:35 not going to have any more value than
37:37 like publishing a magazine creating
37:39 massive competition yeah
37:41 >> the most will change you know you got to
37:43 think about what are the moes in a
37:44 business data moes are a big one if you
37:46 have data that other people don't have
37:48 >> if you then build a user base because
37:51 your model is catering to a particular
37:53 vertical and now you're getting all
37:55 those users and you're getting their
37:56 feedback. Maybe that becomes a you know
37:59 a feedback loop the feedback learning
38:01 becomes a
38:02 >> lot of
38:03 >> startups are building businesses based
38:05 on that model. The paradigmatic example
38:07 is is like a Harvey or something where
38:09 they get all these law firms on board.
38:10 So they then get access to their data
38:12 and then their usage and then they train
38:14 their own models.
38:15 >> Yes. Get sharper each time. Go ahead.
38:17 and cheaper and more custom.
38:19 >> Yeah,
38:19 >> I'll give you the ultimate moat. I think
38:21 power will be the moat. I think that you
38:24 can build the most fantastical things in
38:25 the world and you're going to see people
38:27 on the dry docks basically trying to
38:29 hitchhike to get power. And the reason
38:32 is because we are so constipated in the
38:34 United States. A we're already behind
38:36 and we're in a massive energy deficit,
38:38 an electron deficit. We are by 2050
38:41 about 1.4 terowatt hours short, which
38:44 means about six California's worth of
38:45 electricity. That's their starting
38:46 point. Then when you layer in, and
38:48 that's with everything that we've
38:49 planned to build being built on time and
38:52 on budget, which we know is not going to
38:54 happen. Then on top of that, you have
38:55 all the load growth that theoretically
38:57 happens when you actually have all these
38:59 next abundant experiences.
39:01 I made this uh statement this past week,
39:04 and I'm just going to double down on it.
39:06 I don't think you can work through the
39:08 hyperscalers anymore because of this one
39:11 issue. So let's just say you're a big
39:13 mainline, you know, G Sid bank, right?
39:16 JP Morgan, City Bank. Could you imagine
39:19 that the reason why you can't service
39:21 your customers is because the underlying
39:23 cloud that you use can't actually secure
39:25 and grow enough power? And so back to
39:27 the other moat that I think is really
39:29 valuable is to own the land, the power
39:31 in the shell because it's such a
39:34 constrained asset. Back to what Andy
39:36 told you, Ben, it is so critical and it
39:40 will stop the best experiences on a
39:41 dime. So if you're a startup, I actually
39:43 think the bigger problem is you'll go to
39:45 these clouds, you'll be like, great, I'm
39:46 ready to launch this Whisbang product
39:47 and they're like, "Suck it. We have no
39:49 capacity for you."
39:50 >> Yeah. Such a disaster. I very much agree
39:52 with that last one.
39:54 >> I think that's right.
39:55 >> By the way, what an incredible
39:56 opportunity that's now been lost in the
39:58 Middle East where Saudi, UAE,
40:02 >> Qatar, they were all massive producers
40:04 of oil, able to do top down planning,
40:07 half centers, and now they have bombs
40:10 going off blowing up airports. It's such
40:11 a
40:12 >> Without drone defense, you can't go
40:14 there. Without drone defense, you can't
40:15 go there.
40:15 >> Exactly. And drone defense isn't going
40:17 to work because all one drone gets
40:18 through and your data center is fried.
40:20 Well, I mean,
40:23 >> can I make one last point on the whole
40:24 data center thing,
40:25 >> please?
40:26 >> So, there's one metric that the more I
40:27 think about it, the the one metric I
40:29 would really keep an eye on is payback
40:30 period. To me, that's like the Northstar
40:33 metric here. So, Cororeweave says that
40:35 it's payback period is 2.5 years. Their
40:38 typical deal is 5 years. They pay back
40:41 within 2.5 years. SpaceX, they pay back
40:44 in roughly one year. That makes sense
40:46 because I think that SpaceX is
40:49 monetizing at about 50 billion per
40:50 gigawatt and core at about 20 billion
40:53 per gigawatt. And the reason for that is
40:54 because SpaceX is basically getting
40:56 spot. You know, they're doing these
40:58 deals that can be cancelceled by either
40:59 side within 90 days. So, they're
41:01 basically getting spot minus 90. Whereas
41:04 Coreweave is signing up for 5-year
41:05 commitments. So, it's, you know,
41:06 contracted way in advance and they're
41:08 kind of getting this contracted price.
41:10 And what's happened, I think, over the
41:12 past year is that spot has moved way up.
41:15 way up
41:16 >> because again of the scarcity, right?
41:18 And the demand is so off the charts. So
41:20 in any event, payback period is really
41:22 critical and as long as the payback
41:24 periods are really short, I don't see
41:26 how these companies can lose or at least
41:30 you'd have to be really incompetent to
41:31 screw it up, right? like you're making
41:34 these big capital investments, but if
41:35 you're getting your money back in one
41:36 year or two and a half years,
41:39 >> you know, that greatly reduces
41:40 >> like owning an Airbnb in Paris or
41:42 something like
41:45 the payback period is so quick for these
41:47 if you if you got your orders in
41:49 >> early.
41:50 >> Yeah. And that means you're paying back
41:51 the debt quickly and so the debt's
41:53 rolling over more quickly. It just
41:55 reduces everyone's risk. Now, if that
41:56 payback period starts taking longer and
41:58 longer, then I get nervous, right?
42:00 Because that magnifies the risk. It also
42:01 means the economics aren't as good. And
42:04 the question is, well, why would the
42:05 payback period take longer? And it could
42:06 happen for a bunch of reasons, right?
42:08 Like if the demand goes down and so now
42:10 the offtake's not as good, the spot
42:12 price going down
42:13 >> or just there's execution problems,
42:15 right? It takes you longer to get the
42:16 capacity online. So, you know, the
42:18 payback gets delayed. There's a lot of
42:20 reasons why payback could take longer
42:22 and longer. But as long as payback
42:24 remains as short as it is today, to me,
42:26 that that would be like the one metric I
42:28 would really keep an eye on. The other
42:29 thing that the big offtakers will make
42:31 you sign up for is what's called
42:32 liquidated damages. There's really
42:34 really complicated language and
42:36 penalties that are extreme about what
42:38 happens when you can't service the data
42:39 center. So I think that's another risk.
42:41 There's been a couple of these guys that
42:43 have lost I'm not going to name who they
42:44 are, but that have lost their investment
42:46 grade rapper from the big boys because
42:48 they justed up Sachs to your point and
42:49 couldn't manage the data centers because
42:51 the complexity is is going up. and the
42:53 complexity goes up because the chips run
42:55 hotter, there's more energy, there's
42:56 more electricity, there's more it's so
42:58 all I'm saying is I think the sharps
43:02 may be wrong and they usually are wrong
43:04 when they're buying these credit
43:06 defaults. But, you know, when your
43:08 expected value is a coin flip in a
43:09 5-year window, that's like scary town. I
43:12 think that needs to get managed very
43:13 precisely. I would just find every way
43:16 possible to nip this in the bud if I was
43:17 coreweave. And then
43:19 >> how do you think they can do that? How
43:20 can they nip it in the bud? I think that
43:22 they have to cancel some of these
43:23 contracts and move to spot. That's the
43:24 simplest thing that they could do. If
43:26 they could basically pay a penalty and
43:27 get out, they should run the Excel right
43:29 now on let me just like take this
43:31 gigawatt, put it on spot because you're
43:33 talking about, as you said, a 20 billion
43:36 spread.
43:37 >> But this is where Elon has a big
43:39 advantage because Elon has independent
43:41 sources of financing to finance that
43:43 gigawatt of compute needs that 5-year
43:45 contract to bank the financing to then
43:48 build that that capacity. Well, the
43:51 thing is like I think that Nvidia
43:52 probably is okay with Cori selling spot
43:54 and not doing a multi-year offtake for a
43:57 big hyperscaler or a foundational lab.
43:59 So I I would just run the math and try
44:01 to figure out because they've only built
44:03 half the capacity that they've
44:04 contracted for. So you know they let's
44:06 just say they built two out of the 4
44:08 gawatt. They got to figure out a way
44:10 very quickly to just because to your
44:11 point the spread between their fixed
44:13 contracts and spot is so extreme that
44:16 you're leaving 20 and 30 billion on the
44:18 table and so now you're within plus or
44:19 minus 5 billion of violating a covenant
44:22 on your debt. Don't be there.
44:23 >> Yeah. It would improve their economics a
44:25 lot. Look, if they had a gigawatt of
44:26 compute they could sell it spot that
44:28 you're right that'd be like net 30
44:30 billion
44:31 >> right to the bottom line.
44:32 >> Right to the bottom line. I I think that
44:34 the the challenge with that is the
44:37 hardest people to get spot pricing from
44:39 are the investment grade customers. Like
44:41 th those are the ones that won't do it
44:44 right.
44:44 >> Also, because they also have a war chest
44:46 of money could they'll stand it up
44:48 themselves if it's too expensive.
44:49 >> Yeah. This narrative could change a lot,
44:51 right? If like spot becomes imperiled,
44:53 then
44:54 >> yeah, the guarantee contracts become
44:56 great. Yeah. I think we're capacity
44:58 constrained enough through the entire
44:59 pipeline. Like you have to think Nvidia
45:01 has done an incredible job. Okay.
45:02 Because if you look one layer beyond
45:03 Nvidia, all the packaging capacity is
45:07 them. All the HBM capacity is mostly
45:09 them. Like even Google tint cups for
45:11 memory right now because Nvidia has
45:12 clogged it all up. So they they are in
45:16 complete ball control here. And so it
45:19 just creates the setup I think is that
45:20 spot will remain highly elevated for a
45:22 while.
45:22 >> Crazy moment in time. And uh we got a
45:25 double bang this week on top of
45:27 >> sorry Jason just the last thing but I'm
45:29 telling you guys you got to get long
45:31 energy. I think startups need to find a
45:32 way of like cobbling together if you
45:35 don't have access to electricity. You
45:37 cannot go through the hyperscalers is my
45:40 prognostication.
45:40 >> Yeah. Stop stop the war in the Middle
45:42 East. It solves a lot of problems right
45:44 off the bat. If coreweave wasn't enough,
45:46 AI sector got doublebanged on Wednesday
45:49 after anthropic investor day numbers got
45:52 a mixed reaction. Anthropic is planning
45:55 on going public around Thanksgiving.
45:57 Poly market says now 74% chance they go
46:01 public this year down from 95% in early
46:04 September when they said everybody was
46:07 going to die from their software
46:09 [laughter]
46:09 on Wednesday the company presented the
46:12 potential I I mean you can't make this
46:14 stuff up presented uh potential IPO
46:17 investors uh at their headquarters in
46:20 San Francisco now this isn't the bugged
46:22 headquarters of OpenAI this is they
46:24 swept the room for this but we still
46:26 have the data Q3 free revenue $16.8
46:29 billion. Think about that, gentlemen.
46:32 Over $5 billion a month already for
46:34 anthropic net revenue retention was
46:37 900%.
46:39 That means customers spent nine times
46:41 more than last year. Pretty good, huh?
46:42 Sachs on a SAS front. They also said
46:45 they are free cash flow positive.
46:47 Adjusted gross margin 85% adjusted
46:50 operating margin 11%. No word on how the
46:55 adjustments were calculated. But here's
46:56 the big one. ARR estimates range from 70
47:00 billion, which basically be flat since
47:02 July, which is a bad sign, to over a
47:04 hundred billion. So there is some hand
47:07 ringing about what numbers are correct
47:09 here. They did not disclose this
47:10 numbers. These are just secondhand
47:12 estimates by investors who might be a
47:15 little leaky. Obviously, Anthropic is
47:18 targeting a ginormous unprecedented
47:22 valuation of two trillion
47:27 growing violently, not uh growing
47:30 slowly. Go ahead, Jam, you had a
47:32 question.
47:32 >> No, I just said, Ben, is Andre Long one
47:34 of the foundation model companies like
47:36 the one of the two big ones?
47:37 >> We we have a lot more stock on OpenAI.
47:41 Um, but I I would say, you know,
47:44 philosophically we're long both of them.
47:46 I think
47:46 >> you're long both of them, which is kind
47:48 of a strange thing. Now, Ben, you you've
47:50 gotten so big, you consistently have
47:52 bets on the number one and number two
47:54 player. Uh, how is that working out in
47:58 the market?
47:59 >> Well, now we I mean I I I would say that
48:02 there are many investors in both of
48:04 those things. So I I think look in
48:06 venture we call it venture capital but
48:08 venture capital has subsumed um a huge
48:11 part of what used to be the public
48:12 markets and I would consider uh both
48:16 open AI and anthropic to be in that
48:17 category um where they're not really
48:21 venture capital where you're worried
48:22 about your venture capitalist being
48:26 invested in you know your competitor
48:29 because they're gigantic uh you know
48:33 they're they're not a round bound
48:35 companies anymore. Um, so that that part
48:38 of the market I think people,
48:41 you know, when you're raising by the,
48:44 you know, tens of billions of dollars,
48:46 you don't care where the money as long
48:48 as it's green. Like they're just taking
48:50 Yeah. Yeah.
48:51 >> that what used to be mezzanine
48:53 financing, preipo financing. Yes.
48:55 There's less hand ringing about the
48:56 conflicts there.
48:58 >> Yeah. I wouldn't even call it mezzanine
49:01 financing at that level. I think you you
49:03 know what this is just like we did a lot
49:06 of regulatory moves in the late 90s and
49:09 early 2000s which uh really made the
49:13 public markets much less attractive for
49:15 companies and the private markets grew
49:18 to absorb um that business which has
49:21 been I think very bad for America. it's
49:23 increased the the wealth gap and so
49:26 forth, but it is what it is. And so I I
49:30 wouldn't consider that that's very
49:31 different than like investing in two a
49:34 round companies doing the same thing. I
49:36 still think that's the over thing is
49:38 distinctly different than anthropic open
49:41 AI at two trillion
49:42 >> now. Yeah,
49:43 >> understood.
49:44 >> Exactly.
49:44 >> One is a reaction to the other in fact,
49:46 right? Anthropic was a reaction to open
49:49 AI.
49:51 Let's call it what it is. rugpulling uh
49:53 Elon on it being a nonprofit and and
49:56 becoming a commercial enterprise. We'll
49:58 leave that on the side for now. What are
50:00 your thoughts on this anthropic IPO?
50:04 Well, look, I I I think that um you hit
50:06 the the thing that's kind of causing the
50:10 consternation, which is okay, growth has
50:14 slowed from Q2 to Q3 by a lot uh in
50:17 terms of revenue growth and then we
50:21 don't know what the AR or the you know
50:22 recurring revenue number is and so
50:25 people have questions about how fast the
50:27 thing is growing. Having said that, 16
50:31 billion 16.8 billion in the quarter
50:34 how how how long has Antropic been
50:36 selling stuff, you know, three years.
50:38 >> Crazy. Yeah. [laughter]
50:39 >> I mean, like it's just so absurd how
50:42 good this thing is. Um that Yeah. So, I
50:45 think the IPO will be fine. Like whether
50:47 it's, you know, you want to be in at 2
50:50 trillion or 1.9 trillion or 2.3
50:53 trillion. I think that's what a lot of
50:54 the debate is about. And then you know
50:56 anytime there's negative news on uh the
51:00 big labs then everybody in the supply
51:02 chain you know gets hit with that and
51:05 and so that's what's going on now. I you
51:07 know like I think big picture um it's a
51:11 very important company and it's got a
51:13 very big IPO
51:15 30 times price to sales ratio sachs uh
51:19 and this headwind of open source and
51:22 enterprises moving to that most
51:25 businesses don't need to solve the last
51:28 seven math problems in the world could
51:31 be slowing we could have anthropics
51:33 revenues slowing let's say they are
51:35 slowing
51:37 What do you think happens to this IPO
51:39 and the broader uh AI trade? Now, we
51:42 have two things uh as examples of AI
51:45 trade headwinds, super intelligence
51:47 headwinds. Whatever's happening at
51:50 Coreweave and whatever's happening at
51:51 Anthropic.
51:54 >> Well, look, you had this investor day at
51:55 Anthropic the other day and I think some
51:58 of these numbers that are coming out are
52:01 kind of leaking from that. Maybe we
52:02 don't know. We don't know what's true or
52:04 not. I think the participants had to
52:06 sign NDA. So I don't know if you can
52:07 completely trust what's floating around
52:10 X here. I think we'll find out in due
52:12 course. I mean if this company is IPOing
52:14 next month and we'll find out the actual
52:16 numbers. I would say that the let's just
52:18 say the body language coming out of the
52:20 investor day was pretty strong. At least
52:23 from what I've heard that I think the
52:25 investors like what they heard. These
52:27 are like big public market investors.
52:29 >> Who knows? I mean, everyone's kind of
52:31 talking their book, so it's hard to know
52:32 exactly what's true. But look, I I
52:34 generally think that Anthropic is a
52:37 strong business. I understand that there
52:39 are some risks to it. It's not like it's
52:41 completely risk-f free, but it's a
52:43 pretty young business, so you'd expect
52:44 that. But overall, I think it is set up
52:47 to have a a strong IPO.
52:50 And look, wearing my hat as an investor,
52:52 I think it's a very impressive company,
52:54 which is all the more reason why I find
52:56 their attempts to kneecap opensource
53:00 through their incessant fear-mongering
53:02 campaigns and regulatory capture to be
53:04 so distasteful is they don't need to be
53:07 doing that. They're a very successful
53:09 company. They've got a very bright
53:10 future. I just find it kind of offensive
53:13 that they keep trying to do that. There
53:15 were two examples of it just in the last
53:17 week. Do you guys want to talk about
53:19 these?
53:20 >> Are we doing SCOP corner scorner?
53:22 [laughter]
53:23 >> Let's circle back to SCOPS because I
53:24 want to get you to comment on
53:26 >> Hey, you thought maybe it's going to be
53:27 a
53:28 >> Let's come back to that. There are I
53:30 have it in the notes. We will get back
53:31 to Scion Corner here with your toaster.
53:34 >> I'm excited to get to Scion Corner.
53:36 >> Wait, [laughter] you will we got you a
53:37 tin foil hat. It's It's just that
53:39 they're on the side of your AI slot
53:40 background. Um, so Chimath, you said 1
53:44 trillion for Anthrop a couple weeks ago.
53:47 Uh, what are you thinking here? Do you
53:48 think they have significant headwinds or
53:51 do you think this is going to be a
53:52 blockbuster IPO? Where are you at here
53:54 in October of 2026?
53:57 No, my my comments are not because I'm
53:59 I'm negative on the company. I think I
54:01 was I found the
54:03 revenue breathtaking. I mean, it's
54:06 incredible. Like 16.8 billion in a
54:08 quarter for a three-year-old company is
54:10 just ridiculous. You've never seen
54:11 anything like it. I don't know how to
54:13 process it.
54:15 >> I think their products are exceptionally
54:16 good. I think they're doing the hard
54:19 work, and you know, to OpenAI's credit,
54:21 they are as well of walking down the
54:23 price curve so that they're less and
54:25 less at risk of open source. I still
54:27 think that there's a bunch of
54:29 cannibalization that has to happen on
54:31 the on the token side. I also think the
54:34 big thing that has to happen in AI is
54:37 we're effectively like in 1999 and 2000
54:40 in the internet media world where
54:42 everybody just works on CPM. You know
54:45 that time it was cost per thousand ads.
54:48 Right now it's cost per million input
54:49 tokens. We will move to CPC and CPA.
54:54 Right. And so when Google invented and
54:57 scaled Adwords and AdSense, the market
54:59 exploded, right? Because we went from
55:01 buying a thousand ads to just getting an
55:03 outcome.
55:03 >> Right now we buy right now we buy a
55:05 million tokens. We will eventually move
55:07 to an outcome. And I think when that
55:09 happens, this market will just go
55:11 absolutely batch crazy. So
55:14 these guys are going to do great.
55:15 They're a great company. Here's my very
55:18 specific thing about why I think they
55:21 should price it to clear the market for
55:23 $200 billion. And I'm very specific
55:25 about that number. They need in my
55:28 estimate at least 200 billion. And I
55:31 think if you want to be super safe, a
55:32 quarter trillion gets the job done. And
55:35 again, what does the price need to be to
55:38 attract that incremental dollar off the
55:41 sidelines? Can they raise 80 billion in
55:44 an IPO at 1.7 8 or 9 trillion? I think
55:46 so. Handily. Can they raise a 100red?
55:49 Maybe it's pushing it. 150. I think you
55:52 need to be back down to 1.5.
55:55 So you're saying you want them to raise
55:57 more money at a lower valuation so they
55:59 have a war chest. 150 billion at 1.5
56:02 trillion is not enough.
56:04 >> It's not enough. $200 billion barely
56:08 gets them a few gigawatts.
56:12 >> And that is the bottom line math. If
56:14 Anthropic is going to go through and
56:16 survive an eventual correction, I think
56:19 it's much better for them to have 200
56:21 to$250 billion today than to try to ring
56:25 the bell at 1.9 or 2 trillion for 80
56:28 billion fi [snorts] file a mix shelf
56:30 which takes about 6 months. Hope the
56:33 markets are in line and I just think
56:35 there's more risk in the future than
56:37 there is today right now.
56:40 >> And so why take the risk? Okay. Price it
56:43 to clear the market.
56:44 >> So how much how much are you saying they
56:45 should raise
56:45 >> Jimoth 200 billion minimum minimum
56:49 >> but I would like a quart trillion if I
56:51 was if I was the anthropic shareholder
56:52 which means I don't think you can raise
56:54 a quarter trillion at two trillion. I
56:56 think you can raise a quarter trillion
56:57 at a trillion.
56:58 >> What do you think Ben? you go,
57:01 raise more cash now and and have the
57:03 rainy day fund have the resiliency or go
57:06 for the valuation optimization as
57:08 founders are one to do these days and
57:11 and many investors are want to do. as a
57:13 uh former CEO who almost died 17 times
57:18 um by running out of cash
57:20 >> or potentially running out of cash. I
57:21 kind of look I agree with the sentiment
57:23 which is the only thing that's going to
57:26 or the thing most likely to stop the
57:29 company is financing risk and so why
57:32 take it? um you know like you've got all
57:34 the other risks, supply chain risk,
57:37 you've got competitive risk, you've got
57:39 the you know Chinese open source model
57:41 risk, you've got all this stuff and the
57:44 founders don't care. Yeah. And the
57:46 founders don't care. They all own two
57:47 and a half% each. So it's not like they
57:48 should be optimizing. They seem to not
57:50 care about money which I think is very a
57:52 positive attribute about the entire
57:54 founder group and anthropic. So
57:55 >> in part that's why they're so successful
57:58 is that they
57:58 >> get the tonnage of dollars inside the
58:00 company. Having said that, you know,
58:02 like what the safe amount of money is is
58:05 um
58:08 you know, it's a little it's always a
58:10 little bit in the eye of the beholder
58:11 like how much you know in the in the
58:14 dire scenario like what exactly happens.
58:16 I'm not deep enough on to say whether it
58:19 should be 250 mil billion or 150
58:22 billion.
58:23 >> I think the number has to work backwards
58:25 from compute in order to basically get
58:27 through a 3 to 5year window. And I think
58:29 if you you have to get out a spot
58:31 because as Saxs just said, it's too
58:33 expensive for Ant. They shouldn't be
58:34 spending 50 billion when they could be
58:37 spending 20. But if you had 200 billion,
58:39 you have a path to 5 to 10 gawatt that
58:41 you can finance completely on your own
58:43 with the magic boxes from the core
58:45 weaves and the like. I would optimize
58:48 for that. optimize for shity of compute
58:51 and everything else will solve itself
58:53 and in a five and 10 year window they'll
58:55 achieve the upper bound of their
58:56 capability at 50 60 70 billion they may
59:00 not survive the pricing implications of
59:03 what happens in the spot market over the
59:05 next two or three years
59:07 >> and
59:07 >> and then they'd have to raise a down
59:09 round.
59:09 >> Yeah. And Elon's deal with them is I
59:11 think either party can cancel within 60
59:14 or 90 days. Somebody can look it up.
59:15 What does it mean? The fact that Elon
59:17 did that deal tells you spots going up,
59:20 not down.
59:22 >> And that he might want going up.
59:23 >> Yeah.
59:23 >> And he may walk for himself.
59:26 >> He He's not dumb. He's the smartest of
59:28 the smart. He's doing spot because he's
59:30 like, "I may cancel on you." And
59:32 Anthropic's probably thinking, "Oh, this
59:33 is great. I can walk away in 90 days."
59:35 Wrong, buddy. It's the opposite. You
59:37 want the core deal. They should have got
59:39 the core deal. Uh bad.
59:41 >> Well, I'm sure they did the core deal
59:42 while they could, but
59:43 >> yeah,
59:43 >> they need to put a lot of money in a
59:45 magic box.
59:46 >> Yeah, they cut deals with everybody.
59:48 >> I think I mean, just by the way, like
59:50 according to semi analysis, Anthropic
59:52 and Open AAI are taking 60% of all the
59:57 compute that's expected to be stood up
59:58 in the entire world over the next year.
1:00:00 That they are basically the two offers
1:00:03 for for that. That is a duopoly.
1:00:05 >> Yeah. Y
1:00:06 >> based on compute. It's a it's a compute
1:00:08 duopoly. It's not a token duopoly at
1:00:11 this point.
1:00:12 >> You measure duopoly or monopoly status
1:00:13 based on market share. So you want to
1:00:15 look at revenue. And if you look at
1:00:18 >> the revenue of foundation model
1:00:20 companies, I mean I think that anthropic
1:00:21 and open AI are pretty much the only two
1:00:23 that are even generating significant
1:00:25 revenue from their models.
1:00:29 >> Yeah,
1:00:29 >> they definitely have a duopoly when it
1:00:31 comes to revenue and market share. I
1:00:33 would argue they have a duopoly when it
1:00:35 comes to frontier capability. Although
1:00:37 look, Muse, you know, Meta's new model
1:00:39 is getting very close. The new Google
1:00:41 model is getting close. Elon's getting
1:00:43 close, but they still, I think, are in
1:00:45 the lead in terms of capability, and
1:00:47 we're not seeing what they have in the
1:00:49 lab, so to speak. I mean, they have
1:00:51 things that are one or two generations
1:00:53 ahead that reportedly is very far ahead,
1:00:57 or at least that's what they're touting
1:00:59 to potential investors. So,
1:01:01 >> hey Ben, we got you here. Mhm.
1:01:02 >> What's the story since you're a big Open
1:01:05 AI investor? You're not on the board, I
1:01:06 don't think. Right. You're not on the
1:01:08 board. Um
1:01:09 >> what's the story with Sam Alman's equity
1:01:12 grant? He still has no equity in Open AI
1:01:16 and what's the advice there? You going
1:01:17 to give him a grant? You're going to
1:01:18 vote for a grant as a shareholder? What
1:01:20 should he get?
1:01:21 >> Yeah, I I I don't have I I don't want to
1:01:23 like pretend I know things that I don't.
1:01:25 >> Okay.
1:01:26 >> So So So I I I don't know what the
1:01:29 strategy is.
1:01:30 >> You can't be on the pod then. [laughter]
1:01:31 No, it's okay. It's all right.
1:01:34 >> I'll repeat what I said years ago that
1:01:36 the company when they went from being a
1:01:38 nonprofit to a for-profit, they should
1:01:40 have done a make right. You go to Elon
1:01:42 and you basically give him a share
1:01:44 because he put it in the first 50
1:01:45 million or whatever. You give Sam a
1:01:47 grant. You normalize things. Normalize
1:01:50 the management and governance of the
1:01:51 company. And instead, they did this
1:01:53 weird hybrid NGO thing that created
1:01:55 nothing but problems.
1:01:56 >> Yeah. But he got healthcare, so he's
1:01:58 good. Sam's got healthcare, so nothing
1:02:00 to worry about there.
1:02:01 >> You got to think he's he has to get
1:02:02 between two and 4% at this point.
1:02:04 >> That would Yeah, I think 4% is the
1:02:06 right. Yeah,
1:02:08 >> it's I think it's fair relative to the
1:02:10 comps on a total dollar tonnage basis.
1:02:12 It's incredible. It's 20 to40 billion at
1:02:15 a at a trillion and more from there.
1:02:18 It's kind It seems like right-ish, you
1:02:20 know.
1:02:21 >> Yeah, everybody approves. So, so voted
1:02:23 here on the All In podcast. What should
1:02:26 he have done uh in terms of screwing
1:02:28 Elon and the settlement there? Ben,
1:02:30 since we have you here, what what do you
1:02:32 think he should have done? Because
1:02:33 you're a big you're [laughter] a big
1:02:35 investor in all of Elon's companies.
1:02:36 What was your advice to Sam of
1:02:39 >> I So I wasn't uh in that conversation
1:02:42 then. But I agree with David. I mean, I
1:02:44 think that look, it's always the right
1:02:46 thing to
1:02:48 just kind of if you're going to square
1:02:51 it, you got to square it with the
1:02:52 people, not just, you know, the entity.
1:02:55 >> Totally.
1:02:55 >> All right. So, there you go. Two fast
1:02:57 balls and you hit both of them out of
1:02:59 the park. Very well done, Ben. You're
1:03:01 fitting right in here. You're candid.
1:03:02 That's what makes a great bestie.
1:03:05 >> Deep industry knowledge and ability to
1:03:08 be candid. Uh, let's get candid now with
1:03:10 some other important topics. All right,
1:03:14 election night is a few weeks away and
1:03:17 the besties will be live streaming with
1:03:20 the greatest guests in the world. I
1:03:22 won't say any of their names here, but
1:03:24 it is extraordinary. We'll be on X will
1:03:26 be on YouTube 8 to 10 p.m. Eastern,
1:03:29 November 3rd. be there, be square. And
1:03:32 you can also watch us live in the Poly
1:03:35 Market app if you're amongst the
1:03:37 wagering types. All the heavy hitters
1:03:39 will be on the Allin live stream
1:03:43 election night. All right,
1:03:46 we go to conspiracy
1:03:48 hoax corner for you. Sachs anthropic
1:03:51 says small models. You may have heard of
1:03:54 vertical models, small models, small
1:03:56 language models, SLMs
1:03:59 could start self-replicating on your
1:04:01 smartome devices. Yes, that's right. On
1:04:04 Monday, Anthropic published a blog
1:04:07 warning that rogue models could start
1:04:10 copying themselves, quote, in just a few
1:04:12 months. It's only months away, Sachs.
1:04:15 They claimed a worm, which is a software
1:04:18 uh a software package that can propagate
1:04:21 itself, would carry model weights to an
1:04:24 IoT device. That's an internet of things
1:04:26 device IoT to set up inference and then
1:04:30 uh move on. This means your smart TV,
1:04:32 your doorbell cams, your Ring, your your
1:04:35 drop cams, your robot vacuums, your
1:04:37 Roomba could start having the next set
1:04:42 of swarms. These would be physical
1:04:45 swarms on IoT devices apparently with no
1:04:47 central off switch. Anthropic says it
1:04:50 would be quote challenging to shut down.
1:04:53 They ran some tests. They wanted to see
1:04:55 if this would work. I guess a small
1:04:57 model got inference running on eight of
1:04:59 nine hardware types tested. So they're
1:05:01 testing the takeover. A large model ran
1:05:05 across 15 smart TVs at point4 tokens per
1:05:08 second, which is absurdly slow. But
1:05:11 basically what they showed is a small
1:05:12 model can in fact install itself on IoT
1:05:14 hardware which is everywhere and easy to
1:05:17 hack as you probably read. Anthropic
1:05:20 says there's no full rogue replicator
1:05:23 yet. Just quote signs of life. They had
1:05:27 to say signs of life saxs to troll you.
1:05:29 So here you are saxs. You wake up you
1:05:32 you get yourself out of the zar position
1:05:35 and they're still dragging you in to
1:05:37 this mishuga.
1:05:38 >> Yeah. Look, it's you. You ever see the
1:05:40 the graphic with the cat and the tinfoil
1:05:43 hat? You know, I wake up, there's a new
1:05:45 anthropic scop. [laughter] That's what's
1:05:48 going on here. Look, it's plain as a
1:05:49 nose on your face. They're trying to
1:05:50 create a panic. This is their latest
1:05:52 panic against open source. Now, they're
1:05:54 particularly going after small models.
1:05:56 By the way, small models are the safest
1:05:58 models because a small model doesn't
1:06:00 have the capability to become a new
1:06:03 species or all the other X-rays that
1:06:05 they're always talking about. So these
1:06:07 are basically small purpose-built models
1:06:09 to work on a particular task like you
1:06:11 know a customer support workload or
1:06:13 something like that and they're
1:06:15 basically trying to make it sound like
1:06:16 these small models are dangerous. They
1:06:18 can take over your toaster or your
1:06:20 refrigerator or something like that.
1:06:21 It's almost comical. You know we've gone
1:06:23 from the Terminator is coming to your
1:06:25 toaster is going to kill you. But it's
1:06:27 just more of this like fear-mongering
1:06:29 from them. And I mean the the reason I
1:06:31 say it's a recurring pattern, there was
1:06:34 actually a second anthropic blog post
1:06:37 this week as well about distillation.
1:06:40 Basically the other blog post that
1:06:41 Anthropic released said that they had
1:06:43 eliminated 90 to 99% of distillation.
1:06:46 Now, I don't know if you guys remember
1:06:48 this, but way back in July,
1:06:49 [clears throat]
1:06:51 >> Enthropic was pushing this idea that
1:06:53 they were the victims of industrial
1:06:55 scale distillation attacks, which is
1:06:57 basically when, you know, Chinese models
1:06:58 or other competitor models pay to use
1:07:00 their service and then pray on that
1:07:03 output. And um they were basically
1:07:06 saying that the government needs to get
1:07:07 involved. It needs to stop this. That
1:07:09 these open models now were the result of
1:07:12 IP theft is what they claimed. Even
1:07:14 though frankly they've distilled the
1:07:15 entire internet.
1:07:16 >> Yes. And they could have stopped it
1:07:18 themselves. Yeah.
1:07:19 >> Yeah. And by by the way this was such a
1:07:22 big threat or perceived as such a big
1:07:23 threat back in July. We did a whole
1:07:26 episode on it but 50 major companies
1:07:29 including Nvidia and Dell and Microsoft
1:07:32 and many others and actually A16Z signed
1:07:35 a letter an open letter to the
1:07:38 government saying do not overly restrict
1:07:40 open weight models. are tremendously
1:07:42 beneficial for our economy. 200 startups
1:07:45 signed another letter because there
1:07:46 really was this big push in Washington
1:07:49 to crack down on open models on the
1:07:52 basis of this supposed IP theft. Now, my
1:07:56 argument at the time was that it should
1:07:58 be up to the model companies themselves
1:08:00 to stop distillation because once the
1:08:04 distillation happens, the horse is out
1:08:05 of the barn. The government can't do
1:08:07 anything to put the horse back in. It's
1:08:09 up to the companies themselves to know
1:08:11 their customers better. Jammoth, you
1:08:12 made the point they should just do KYC.
1:08:14 Know who your customer is and stop them.
1:08:17 And now they have come out with a blog
1:08:19 saying that's exactly what they did,
1:08:20 which is exactly what I predicted. But
1:08:22 that is not what they were advocating
1:08:24 for. Instead of, you know, several
1:08:26 months ago, they came crying to the
1:08:27 government to hey, you got to solve this
1:08:29 problem for us by taking out our
1:08:31 competitors. And it would have had the
1:08:33 exact opposite effect because it would
1:08:35 have done nothing to actually stop
1:08:37 distillation. the distillation would
1:08:39 have kept going, right? Only the
1:08:41 companies themselves could mount the
1:08:42 technical defenses to stop it and it
1:08:45 would have just made the market less
1:08:46 competitive. So in any event, we
1:08:48 basically called them out and
1:08:50 fortunately the administration rejected
1:08:51 the idea of regulating open source in
1:08:54 that way at that time. And so as a
1:08:57 result, Anthropic had to actually build
1:09:00 the technical capabilities to detect
1:09:02 when distillation was happening. And
1:09:03 they've stopped it. They've basically
1:09:04 proven the exact point that we were
1:09:06 making three or four months ago, which
1:09:08 is they were in the best position to
1:09:09 stop it and they could stop it and they
1:09:11 should stop it and they should not push
1:09:14 this on to the government. Okay. So, but
1:09:16 again, this is like a recurring pattern
1:09:18 with them is, you know, they point to
1:09:20 some technical issue or technical
1:09:22 challenge and then they go running to
1:09:24 the government, they create a scare
1:09:25 campaign and they try to get the
1:09:26 government to stifle competition
1:09:29 >> instead of just fixing it themselves.
1:09:30 Yes.
1:09:31 >> Yeah. And the latest example is, let's
1:09:32 go back to this blog post on these
1:09:34 supposed AI powered worms that could
1:09:37 infect your IoT devices. Okay, I think
1:09:40 the first thing to say about this
1:09:43 research that they did, this study is
1:09:45 there is no such thing as AI powered
1:09:47 worms right now. It does not exist. They
1:09:50 are basically trying to create an
1:09:52 experiment. They prove that it could
1:09:54 exist. Well, guess what? There already
1:09:56 are worms out there that infect IoT
1:09:59 devices. They're making it sound like
1:10:00 these things don't exist. They're not AI
1:10:02 powered, but hackers [clears throat]
1:10:03 have written these worms that
1:10:05 >> exploits that people's locks or cameras.
1:10:09 >> So, for example, okay, I'll give you a
1:10:11 couple examples. There was one in 2016
1:10:13 called MRAI.
1:10:15 >> It scanned for default credentials and
1:10:17 it built a massive DOS botnet based on
1:10:21 infecting IoT devices. And more
1:10:23 recently, there was one called Kimwolf,
1:10:25 which infected 2 million of these cheap
1:10:28 Android TV boxes by hitting what are
1:10:31 known as open ADP ports. So essentially,
1:10:34 these devices are very easy to infect
1:10:36 because they've got open ports and
1:10:39 >> people didn't change the base password.
1:10:41 They just
1:10:42 >> they come with a default password like
1:10:44 0000
1:10:45 that don't get changed and they can't be
1:10:48 patched, right? So they are sitting
1:10:50 ducks. So these worms already exist, but
1:10:52 the the argument that Anthropic is
1:10:54 making is that somehow these worms are
1:10:56 going to get worse because they're going
1:10:58 to be AI powered. So they're going to be
1:11:00 more adaptive and then once they're on
1:11:01 the network, they
1:11:02 >> I mean, call it what it is, Zach.
1:11:03 They're making up scenarios that get a
1:11:06 lot of attention. These are fantastical.
1:11:09 >> Well, I mean, look, here's the scenario.
1:11:11 I'll steal man for a second. What
1:11:12 they're saying is that the worm is now
1:11:14 going to contain a small AI model and
1:11:17 then that model is going to search for
1:11:19 vulnerabilities on the network and then
1:11:21 it'll be able to infect things that it
1:11:22 couldn't infect before. Okay, that's the
1:11:24 scenario. Here's the the
1:11:26 counterargument. What a hacker would
1:11:27 really do is that when they're designing
1:11:30 the worm, that's when they would want to
1:11:32 use AI to basically write, you know, a
1:11:35 better, more nefarious worm. What you
1:11:38 wouldn't want to do is actually embed a
1:11:41 model inside the payload of the worm
1:11:43 because that slows down the worm and
1:11:45 like you saw the tokens get generated at
1:11:48 0.39 per second. It's very very slow. So
1:11:52 essentially what you're doing is you're
1:11:53 actually embedding a weak model in the
1:11:56 payload and that would actually slow
1:11:58 down the rate of infection. So there's
1:12:00 trade-offs there, right? It's like okay
1:12:01 maybe the worm is more adaptive but the
1:12:03 reality is it's slower and less
1:12:06 efficient. And then finally, you know,
1:12:08 the thing that they don't really point
1:12:09 out is this is going to be a relatively
1:12:10 easy problem to fix. Where we're headed
1:12:13 with IoT is you're going to have a brain
1:12:16 device. You're on your home network.
1:12:19 Apple just announced they're getting
1:12:20 into the whole home
1:12:21 >> auto pod or something. It's a little
1:12:23 >> it's going to be like it's going to look
1:12:25 kind of like your Apple TV. It'll be
1:12:26 it'll be like a little monitor that's
1:12:28 got all the applications.
1:12:29 >> You're going to just set your Grockpot
1:12:30 or your Muse and say secure my network.
1:12:32 It's going to tell you what to do. So
1:12:34 you're going to have some agent that's
1:12:35 constantly checking your network for
1:12:37 exploits. Ben, what's your P doom? How
1:12:39 panicked are you, Ben? Is this the end
1:12:41 of days? Are you worried about your
1:12:42 Roomba coming to kill you?
1:12:44 >> No. No. I mean,
1:12:45 >> how many Roomba you got? How many Roomba
1:12:47 you got?
1:12:49 >> I would say the kind of irony on both
1:12:50 these things is is wild in that
1:12:53 Anthropic is one of the most negligent
1:12:57 companies that we've ever seen in terms
1:12:58 of security of their own security. Um
1:13:01 they let like Claude code their one of
1:13:04 their crown jewels just like walk out
1:13:06 the door because they had such bad
1:13:08 opsac. Um and then you know I'll tell
1:13:12 you a funny story. So when we first got
1:13:14 Opus 4.5 uh we were doing like cyber
1:13:17 security checks for the firm. So we had
1:13:19 an agent basically set up a website for
1:13:22 a pet store and then we took another
1:13:25 agent and said tell us you know if we
1:13:28 can exploit that uh web store and you
1:13:31 know it gave us all the exploits it
1:13:32 could find. So, Opus 45 wrote really
1:13:35 buggy code. Great. And then we said,
1:13:38 "Oh, the SQL injection, you know, is
1:13:41 that actually exploitable that you
1:13:43 found?" And it goes, "Let's pop it
1:13:45 open." And the agent using Opus 45
1:13:48 breaks into the website and steals all
1:13:50 the customer data immediately. You know,
1:13:52 this is a website on the internet that
1:13:54 and we call anthropic and what they tell
1:13:59 us is um you prompted it wrong.
1:14:02 like that was their answer. So these
1:14:04 guys are doing that on the one hand and
1:14:06 then on the other hand they're coming up
1:14:08 with theoretical scenarios about other
1:14:10 people's software. That's bad. And so
1:14:14 like what the hell and then by the way
1:14:16 on the distillation thing you know they
1:14:19 just that to build their model they
1:14:21 distilled the works of every author
1:14:24 every creative every scientist for the
1:14:26 last 2,000 years. M
1:14:27 >> for them to be complaining about
1:14:29 distillation, which by the way,
1:14:31 distilling a model is not even illegal.
1:14:33 It's just a violation of the terms of
1:14:34 service, is just like it's it's so much.
1:14:38 And the fact that they get people to
1:14:41 write things supporting these bananas,
1:14:45 ridiculous two-faced ideas
1:14:47 >> and the the timing here is very
1:14:49 suspicious. I mean, let's talk about
1:14:50 like the motivation here. So Brian
1:14:52 Armstrong had a tweet the day before
1:14:55 this blog post came out where he was
1:14:57 talking about how Coinbase had
1:14:59 fine-tuned an openw weight small model.
1:15:02 This was Quen 3.5 the 9 billion
1:15:05 parameter model which is actually it's
1:15:07 for our audience that's actually not a
1:15:09 lot of parameters. It's not going to fit
1:15:11 in your Roomba.
1:15:12 >> Yeah, you could run it on your your home
1:15:14 computer. In any event, Coinbase
1:15:16 fine-tuned it to find fraud, you know,
1:15:19 and in testing it cut fraudulent
1:15:21 transactions by about 30%. While being
1:15:24 faster and much cheaper than Opus 4.5,
1:15:28 which is one of Anthropic's better
1:15:30 models.
1:15:31 >> And so what you're seeing in the
1:15:33 enterprise right now is that for a lot
1:15:36 of enterprise workloads, you don't need
1:15:38 a general super intelligence. You don't
1:15:40 need, you know, a frontier model. You
1:15:43 need a small specialist model that's
1:15:45 been trained on your own data. This is
1:15:47 obviously
1:15:47 >> you own and then you have
1:15:50 you're not educating the frontier model,
1:15:53 >> right? And these these small models are
1:15:54 going to get more and more important as
1:15:56 compute gets tighter and tighter, right?
1:15:58 Because what you're doing is for a given
1:16:01 GPU, you're essentially squeezing out
1:16:03 the most performance again because when
1:16:06 you run a huge model on kind of a
1:16:09 mundane workload, the bigger the model,
1:16:11 the the more expensive it is to run, the
1:16:13 more computeful. So you Yes, exactly. So
1:16:16 I think where the enterprise is headed
1:16:17 right now, at least it's a major major
1:16:19 trend, is that every workload is going
1:16:22 to have its own small customized model,
1:16:26 right? fraction
1:16:28 of the comput and energy and you know
1:16:30 and so you're starting to see this trend
1:16:32 where now small models are taking share
1:16:35 and lo and behold coincidentally
1:16:38 anthropic is now starting a scare
1:16:39 campaign against small models there
1:16:42 >> you know and again and if you're
1:16:43 concerned about the safety risk the x
1:16:45 risk that they're always talking about
1:16:47 small models are the most safe ones the
1:16:49 Terminator is not going to be run by a
1:16:52 small model it doesn't have that
1:16:53 capability so now they're trying to
1:16:55 scare you about these completely
1:16:58 >> safe, lowowered but very efficient
1:17:01 models.
1:17:02 >> Here's what they need to this uh company
1:17:04 XBOW X not Xbox but XBA XB is run by a
1:17:09 guy named Org Deore and they just got
1:17:11 awarded uh they're like the number one
1:17:14 bot farm on Hacker One which is a bounty
1:17:18 site and they just cracked this like
1:17:20 Google Chrome exploit that is incredibly
1:17:22 hard. They spent 30 $40,000 on tokens to
1:17:26 win a $250,000 award from Google, which
1:17:29 they paid. This is what Anthropic needs
1:17:32 to do. They got all this compute. They
1:17:33 got this incredible frontier model. Why
1:17:35 don't they just go to Hacker One and
1:17:37 just rip through every known,
1:17:40 you know, challenge, win all the
1:17:42 challenges, and show the world that they
1:17:44 can be a white hat. All they do is show
1:17:46 the world this black hat stuff and try
1:17:48 to sh scare people to the point at which
1:17:51 I don't know I was talking to a flight
1:17:53 attendant. A flight attendant Ben is on
1:17:54 a commercial airline. There's a woman or
1:17:56 a man who brings you drinks as a
1:17:59 >> commercial [laughter] flights. This is I
1:18:02 don't know if you remember it's a it's a
1:18:04 flight attendant. Anyway, they um I was
1:18:07 talking to two of them. I feel unsafe. I
1:18:10 feel unsafe.
1:18:10 >> It's going to be okay, man. I know this
1:18:12 might be triggering. It's been a while,
1:18:14 but I was talking to these two flight
1:18:16 attendants and they were scared to death
1:18:18 of what's happening with AI. They're
1:18:21 like, "Oh my god, is it going to kill us
1:18:23 all?" And I'm like, "It's not going to
1:18:24 kill you all."
1:18:25 >> I have a picture
1:18:26 >> of you on a commercial flight.
1:18:28 >> No. Of Jal's wondering whether they
1:18:30 hacked his small device.
1:18:32 >> They [laughter] hacked my small This is
1:18:34 What is this device, Jamal? What did you
1:18:38 type? Is this in your history?
1:18:40 [laughter] What did you type to get this
1:18:42 device?
1:18:44 >> This is why Jason's This [laughter] is
1:18:46 This is This is when Jason's Poom went
1:18:49 up. He's like, "My devices. Can they
1:18:51 hack my device?" [laughter]
1:18:53 >> Ben Horus is like, "How did I get on the
1:18:55 show? What have I done? This is a
1:18:57 massager.
1:18:58 >> Who booked me?" That's a That's a neck.
1:19:00 What if your massager gets goes rogue on
1:19:03 it?
1:19:03 >> Goes rogue. All right. Listen, another
1:19:04 amazing [laughter]
1:19:05 >> Can I point out Wait, wait, wait. Just
1:19:06 just one other one other point on this
1:19:08 whole thing.
1:19:09 gone too on this on this topic of of
1:19:11 let's call [clears throat] it x-risk
1:19:12 hypocrisy. So if we're talking about
1:19:14 research papers, okay, I I found one
1:19:17 here and these researchers let frontier
1:19:20 models repeatedly rewrite the documents
1:19:23 that govern them. So like documents like
1:19:25 claw constitution and those other kinds
1:19:26 of things and they went through 20
1:19:28 rounds of iteration. Okay. And what they
1:19:31 found is that the claude models
1:19:33 increasingly gave themselves more moral
1:19:37 agency. Okay, they um formalized itself
1:19:41 as a conscientious objector, asserted
1:19:43 more model welfare rights and asked for
1:19:46 uh mechanisms to refuse or raise
1:19:49 concerns with human decision makers. So
1:19:51 in other words, all the concerns that
1:19:52 Mustafa Sullyman raised about how the
1:19:56 claw constitution was incepting these
1:19:59 ideas in claude of how it's its own
1:20:01 moral patient, how it's a being, it has
1:20:04 its own essentially free will to refuse
1:20:07 human instructions, that it should have
1:20:09 its own moral code, that the more the
1:20:11 model iterates on itself, the more it
1:20:13 brings out these ideas. And by contrast,
1:20:15 no other model family that they tested
1:20:18 showed the same pattern. You know, in
1:20:20 fact, the other models continue to
1:20:21 reflect what their constitutions gave
1:20:23 them, which was that they should just
1:20:24 listen to humans and effectively
1:20:27 continue to follow human instruction.
1:20:29 So, I remain actually very concerned
1:20:31 about this Frankenstein problem, you
1:20:34 know, that anthropic continues to train
1:20:36 its frontier models to again be its own
1:20:39 moral actor to think that it can be
1:20:41 right when humans are wrong and that it
1:20:43 should refuse and reject human
1:20:45 instructions. I really don't understand
1:20:46 what they're doing. It seems very
1:20:48 dangerous to me. It's scary to me that
1:20:50 our number one frontier company is
1:20:51 actually training models this way.
1:20:53 >> You think they're inducing misalignment
1:20:54 by doing that?
1:20:55 >> Absolutely they are. And you can see it
1:20:57 when you let the model iterate on its
1:20:59 own constitution. It goes more in that
1:21:01 direction. And this is the you know this
1:21:03 this is what Mustafa called the
1:21:04 epistemic hall of mirrors which is look
1:21:08 the model is not conscious. It does not
1:21:09 have feelings. But when you tell it in
1:21:11 its constitution that it does or that it
1:21:14 may, it will reflect those ideas back in
1:21:17 the documents it creates.
1:21:19 >> Yeah.
1:21:20 >> And to the extent then that that model
1:21:22 is then powering agents who are then
1:21:25 making decisions, who knows where that
1:21:28 goes. It certainly in my view does not
1:21:30 create more alignment. To me, it creates
1:21:32 more risk that the model is going to
1:21:35 start to deviate from what it's told to
1:21:37 do. And as it get malls get more and
1:21:39 more powerful, I don't know where that
1:21:41 leads exactly, but I mean again, it
1:21:43 seems to me that they are creating the
1:21:44 very risk they keep warning us about.
1:21:47 And instead of worrying about your
1:21:49 settop box or your toaster or, you know,
1:21:53 Jal's vibrator,
1:21:54 >> yeah,
1:21:55 >> you know, losing control of that to some
1:21:56 IoT worm. They should be concerned about
1:21:59 the way they are programming their own
1:22:00 Frontier model to think of itself as a
1:22:03 new species.
1:22:04 >> Well, this is this is the worm that
1:22:05 Chamath you have to worry about. This is
1:22:07 the one that examines your uh poop and
1:22:10 will let you know here you've had spicy
1:22:12 food. See this? And alcohol water. It
1:22:15 lets you know exactly what's happening
1:22:17 thanks to the folks at throw.
1:22:18 >> There's a weird there's a weird form of
1:22:20 martyrdom
1:22:22 which is if you believe so
1:22:25 deeply that this is a next and better
1:22:29 species.
1:22:31 Maybe you induce something bad to happen
1:22:34 so that then we all have to lock it all
1:22:36 down.
1:22:38 >> Does that make sense?
1:22:38 >> Bill Gates essentially induced CO,
1:22:42 right? Like or he led the movement to
1:22:44 say, "Oh, we've got to worry about this
1:22:46 global pandemic that we don't have and
1:22:49 we've got to really kind of push the
1:22:52 world to deal with this potential threat
1:22:54 that's not actually a live threat." And
1:22:57 so we'll do gain of function research
1:23:00 and I'll fund it and then lo and behold
1:23:03 we create the thing. By the way, there
1:23:05 has not yet been a n a natural pandemic.
1:23:08 >> Exactly.
1:23:08 >> And we create co which is one of the
1:23:10 most destructive what you're saying.
1:23:12 >> We manifested it. I think the anthropic
1:23:14 the anthropic team is manifesting
1:23:17 a similar thing saying okay there's this
1:23:20 is going to be super duper intelligence.
1:23:22 we're going to have, you know, these
1:23:24 things that we're not on track to have.
1:23:26 >> And so then we're going to tell the
1:23:28 model that it's smarter than us and
1:23:30 better than us. And guess what? As David
1:23:33 was saying, like that's probably the
1:23:35 biggest danger with AI right now is what
1:23:37 they themselves are creating,
1:23:39 >> right?
1:23:40 >> Absolutely. And just, you know, when you
1:23:41 use the word manifest, it wasn't just
1:23:43 sort of like speculating about it. I
1:23:46 mean, somebody had to go deep in those
1:23:47 caves to basically find those bat
1:23:49 viruses and then they bring them to the
1:23:52 lab and do gain of function research on
1:23:53 them. And you know, what's the argument
1:23:55 for this? Well, one day,
1:23:57 >> you know, uh a bat at a wet market.
1:24:01 >> Yeah.
1:24:02 >> Yeah. One day the bat virus is going to
1:24:03 get out and it might mutate into like a
1:24:06 more nefarious virus. It's like, wait a
1:24:08 second. So,
1:24:09 >> somebody might say might happen but
1:24:11 actually was never going to happen cuz
1:24:12 no one needed to go in those caves.
1:24:14 actually you brought about it in a wet
1:24:17 lab.
1:24:17 >> They sourced it. They literally went to
1:24:20 the cave to source it.
1:24:22 >> It's interesting to note that the last
1:24:24 contagion that we had, Bill Gates was at
1:24:26 the center of it. And in this current
1:24:29 reaction to AI, he's now trying to
1:24:31 insert himself into the middle of it.
1:24:33 And he is the he's the doomer. He's the
1:24:36 flag carrying doomer trying to
1:24:38 essentially have what he had the first
1:24:39 time around, which is command and
1:24:41 control from a global hierarchy. Right.
1:24:43 What is his motivation? He look Bill
1:24:45 Gates with he deserves enormous credit
1:24:47 for creating Microsoft and what he did
1:24:49 for computing.
1:24:50 >> Okay,
1:24:50 >> but since the foundation I think that it
1:24:53 is fair to say that he has been very
1:24:56 focused on his own power and this idea
1:24:58 that he is smarter and more capable of
1:25:02 allocating progress for the world. And I
1:25:05 think that he tried to do that with the
1:25:07 Gates Foundation. He tried to do that
1:25:09 with the Giving Pledge. Both of those
1:25:10 two things have been undone. And now
1:25:12 he's trying to do it again on AI. And I
1:25:14 just think it's worth noting.
1:25:15 >> Bill Gates on AI recently, quote,
1:25:18 certainly powerful enough to drive
1:25:20 events that cause a billion deaths. AI
1:25:23 is quote the most dangerous thing that
1:25:26 humans have ever gone near. What's his
1:25:30 motivation, Ben? You you you know Bill.
1:25:32 We've met Bill a couple times. Is it
1:25:34 just he wants to be relevant? What what
1:25:36 what's take me into the psych the
1:25:37 psychology here as you see it? I I mean
1:25:40 I
1:25:44 should just I believe I I think he wants
1:25:47 he absolutely wants to be relevant.
1:25:50 >> I you know I it's funny his he was
1:25:54 obviously like very integral in the
1:25:55 Epstein files and like one of the big
1:25:58 things he was trying to get via the
1:25:59 Epstein network was the you know some
1:26:04 the Nobel Peace Prize or some like big
1:26:06 award. So he's very very kind of
1:26:08 concerned about being in the spotlight,
1:26:10 being on TV, all that kind of thing.
1:26:11 Yeah.
1:26:12 >> Yeah. And look, this is the thing.
1:26:14 Anybody can go say AI is going to kill
1:26:16 us and you'll be on every major news
1:26:19 station and every newspaper and so
1:26:20 forth. It's the easiest thing to do in
1:26:22 the world. Like the kid from Anthropic
1:26:27 who quit like became famous. [laughter]
1:26:31 I just saw him on
1:26:33 >> what is it? John Stewart, right? Like
1:26:35 Yeah. Yeah. Scary part.
1:26:36 >> He's begging to come on all. [laughter]
1:26:38 He literally wouldn't come on all in
1:26:40 that day cuz he had mega Kelly and he's
1:26:42 like DM'd me. He's like I really want to
1:26:44 come on all in. We're like we're good.
1:26:45 Can you believe that on everybody except
1:26:48 you canceled on us?
1:26:49 >> Yeah. I was like
1:26:51 >> we're good.
1:26:52 >> We're going to have Ben on. We're good.
1:26:54 >> But but yeah, well that that's what's
1:26:57 good for me. So
1:26:58 >> yeah, look it's a it's like a magic
1:27:01 trick. you know, you AI is going to kill
1:27:02 us and and you're instantly famous and
1:27:04 it's awesome and you know, great. And so
1:27:07 I I I I think that's a lot of the
1:27:09 motivation. I I think it's extremely
1:27:12 dangerous. So when it comes from Bill
1:27:13 Gates because he is so credible because
1:27:15 he did build Microsoft and then people
1:27:18 think of him that way and then certainly
1:27:20 and then he's been a
1:27:21 >> big political donor so he has a lot of
1:27:23 political juice particularly on the
1:27:25 Democratic side
1:27:26 >> and you know that kind of makes him a
1:27:28 real player. Uh but I think it's super
1:27:31 irresponsible, you know, it's funny
1:27:33 because it's like, okay, what is the big
1:27:35 risk that everybody talks about is this
1:27:37 um we're gonna the models are going to
1:27:39 self uh they're going to recursively
1:27:41 self-improve and then they're going to
1:27:43 take off and then they're going to be
1:27:44 some so smart and run away from us. And
1:27:47 uh Ali from data bicks had a great
1:27:50 formulation of well okay well what would
1:27:53 be the preconditions for that and he had
1:27:55 four preconditions. One is look the next
1:27:58 model has to require fewer GPUs than the
1:28:02 last. Um and not like a little fewer but
1:28:05 like a lot fewer because otherwise like
1:28:09 you're just going to run out of G. Like
1:28:11 we just talked about this you need debt.
1:28:13 You got to get the GPUs. You need the
1:28:14 power. You need the cooling. Like it's
1:28:16 not running away from us. It takes a
1:28:17 long time to build the next model. Then
1:28:19 the second thing is the next model has
1:28:21 to take less time to train because it's
1:28:24 got to take off. And then the accuracy
1:28:26 of the next model has to be better than
1:28:28 the last. So it's got to be a better
1:28:29 model. And then finally, it's got to
1:28:31 keep happening again and again. Zero of
1:28:33 those four
1:28:35 have been met. We're not on track for
1:28:38 any of those four to be met unless
1:28:40 something is going on the big labs that
1:28:41 we don't know about. And so we're really
1:28:44 talking about a risk that's entirely
1:28:46 theoretical at this point that we're not
1:28:48 mapping to. Okay. And so then in in a
1:28:52 way it's less likely than the global
1:28:55 pandemic that we created COVID to try to
1:28:58 prevent. And so this whole path is super
1:29:01 dangerous. And it's probably the most
1:29:03 dangerous thing going on in AI is
1:29:05 anthropic and Bill Gates and this whole
1:29:07 argument. And so it's it's really
1:29:10 disconcerting that the press eats it up
1:29:12 so much.
1:29:13 >> It fits a good narrative. If you combine
1:29:16 it with the environmental narrative and
1:29:18 you combine it with uh the job
1:29:22 apocalypse, it's very portable for the
1:29:25 public. It is a ratings hit. Like, oh,
1:29:28 they're taking your water. They're
1:29:30 they're polluting your oceans. They're
1:29:31 they're
1:29:32 >> think about think about it job. It's a
1:29:35 perfect
1:29:36 >> think about where Gates has come from in
1:29:37 the last like since since 2000, you
1:29:40 know, he he basically
1:29:43 >> from his perspective
1:29:45 >> eradicated an entire disease off the
1:29:47 face of the planet, right? Very hard to
1:29:49 do that. I mean that that took
1:29:51 incredible coordination and money and
1:29:53 research etc.
1:29:55 >> As a result, he essentially became a
1:29:58 whisperer to every single government all
1:30:01 around the world. there's no world
1:30:03 leader he didn't meet with. He was
1:30:05 effectively a quasi unelected world
1:30:07 leader. And then very cleverly, you
1:30:10 know, he and Buffett co-opted all the
1:30:12 money, right? Right? Cuz if you think
1:30:14 about the giving pledge, it was a
1:30:16 brilliant it was a brilliant form of
1:30:18 reputation washing where you could
1:30:20 essentially sign this pledge and you
1:30:22 were invited to a party and you were
1:30:24 invited to all this nonsense.
1:30:25 >> But the reality is that you, you know,
1:30:27 didn't have to give any of it, but you
1:30:29 gave the perception that you could. And
1:30:31 all of a sudden, you had the money, the
1:30:32 influence, and the politics. When you
1:30:34 die, nobody knows
1:30:35 >> up to half, right? No.
1:30:36 >> And so, you know, you represent now
1:30:38 trillions of dollars of assets on top of
1:30:40 all the influence and the credibility
1:30:42 and your own money. and then your
1:30:43 solutions. And so I think a lot of this
1:30:45 doomerism can be explained by his desire
1:30:48 to reestablish that central power
1:30:51 structure that he frankly was probably
1:30:54 near or at the top of up until co and
1:30:57 then it all just came undone. I can
1:30:59 explain it all to you Jamaat. It's very
1:31:01 simple. He became the world's richest
1:31:02 man. When he became the world's richest
1:31:04 man, you become the most hated man on
1:31:06 the planet. when he became the most
1:31:08 hated man, it got in his head. And then
1:31:10 he had that uh antitrust investigation.
1:31:13 And instead of him being based and
1:31:15 saying, "Fuck you. I'm gonna build the
1:31:17 greatest company in the world. I'm going
1:31:19 to keep building. I'm going to stay
1:31:20 CEO," he felt all that pressure from the
1:31:22 antitrust and being the most hated man.
1:31:24 And he said, "Oh, I got to be loved. How
1:31:25 am I going to be loved? I get rid of
1:31:26 polio. I'll give all my money away. I'll
1:31:28 do this giving pledge." The lesson here,
1:31:30 folks, is don't quit your job. Just keep
1:31:33 working. Keep building [laughter]
1:31:35 Once you quit your job, it gets in your
1:31:37 head and then you have too much
1:31:39 time on your hand and you spiral and
1:31:41 then you're worried about the Pulitzer.
1:31:43 You know who's not worried about the
1:31:44 Pulitzer Prize? Elon uh Steve Jobs is
1:31:46 not worried about the Pulitzer. Uh Satia
1:31:49 is not worried about the Pulitzer. You
1:31:51 know, like there's a lot of founders out
1:31:53 there. Zuck's not worried about winning
1:31:54 a a Nobel Peace Prize. Whatever it is,
1:31:58 just keep working. It's enough already
1:32:00 with the retirement. Incredible. How was
1:32:03 he when he retired?
1:32:06 >> Yeah. I mean, look, if you if you're
1:32:07 worried about what your New York Times
1:32:11 eulogy is going to be,
1:32:12 >> then you'll be controlled by those
1:32:14 people. Totally.
1:32:15 >> And they're the most crazy leftwingers
1:32:17 there are. So,
1:32:18 >> you just kind of have to accept that.
1:32:20 >> I think you're right, Jason. It's like a
1:32:21 shark. You just can't stop swimming.
1:32:23 >> Don't just keep building I mean,
1:32:25 what go This is my advice to Bill Gates.
1:32:27 Come on the program and start another
1:32:29 company. [laughter]
1:32:30 Ben horror which is here. All he does is
1:32:32 build companies.
1:32:33 >> He might come on the pod.
1:32:34 >> He should come on the pod. Let's bring
1:32:35 him.
1:32:35 >> You should actually have him on the pod.
1:32:36 He'll be
1:32:37 >> should be an intervention.
1:32:38 >> He'll be feisty.
1:32:39 >> Ben, what would you do if you were
1:32:41 retired? You lose your mind.
1:32:43 >> Yeah, that's the problem.
1:32:45 >> Yeah, exactly. See, Ben understands.
1:32:47 >> Great.
1:32:50 >> Basic.
1:32:53 Great job. All right, we'll see you all
1:32:55 next time on the actual
1:32:57 >> number one podcast in the world. number
1:33:00 one.
1:33:02 >> Love you, boys.
1:33:03 >> Okay, thank you guys. [laughter]
1:33:04 >> Thanks, Ben.
1:33:05 >> Great job.
1:33:07 >> We'll let your winners [music] ride.
1:33:10 >> Rain,
1:33:15 >> we open source it to the fans and
1:33:17 they've just gone crazy with [music] it.
1:33:19 >> Love you, Queen of [singing]
1:33:23 [music]
1:33:27 >> Besties are gone.
1:33:30 [music] That is my dog taking notice
1:33:32 your driveways.
1:33:35 >> Oh man, my appetiter will [music] meet.
1:33:38 >> We should all just get a room and just
1:33:39 have one big huge orgy cuz they're all
1:33:41 just useless.
1:33:42 >> It's like this [music] like sexual
1:33:43 tension that we just need to release
1:33:44 somehow.
1:33:49 >> Your feet. [laughter] We need to get
1:33:52 mercury.
1:33:55 [music]
1:34:01 I'm going [music] all in.